1.rman完全恢复的前提条件：历史的datafile,controlfile和spfile备份，加上完整的archivelog和完好的redolog。
2.rman备份脚本：
a.RMAN0级备份命令:
run{ allocatechannelc1typedisk; allocatechannelc2typedisk; allocatechannelc3typedisk; backupincrementallevel0tag'level0'format"E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_0_%u_%s_%p"ascompressedbackupset database; sql"altersystemarchivelogcurrent"; backupfilesperset3format"E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p_%c" archivelogalldeleteinput;#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份 releasechannelc1; releasechannelc2; releasechannelc3; } |
b.RMAN1级备份命令:
run{ allocatechannelc1typedisk; allocatechannelc2typedisk; allocatechannelc3typedisk; backupincrementallevel1tag'level1'format'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_1_%u_%s_%p'ascompressedbackupset database; sql'altersystemarchivelogcurrent'; backupfilesperset3format'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p' archivelogalldeleteinput;#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份 releasechannelc1; releasechannelc2; releasechannelc3; } |
c.rman删除备份命令（在保留最近一天备份的情况下，删除其他备份）:
| DELETENOPROMPTOBSOLETERECOVERYWINDOWOF1DAYS; |
d.操作系统层面运行rman备份或删除命令：
| rmantargetsys/rf4rfvbgt56yhn@rfdbnocatalogCMDFILE'D:\app\rman\rman_file\level_0.txt'log=E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\log\rman_level_0.log |
3.rman恢复
a.拷贝datafile,controlfile和spfile的rman备份，以及完整的archivelog和完好的redolog文件到新的数据库。
b.切换至oracle用户，进入rman（先设置sid）：
exportORACLE_SID=rfdb
rlwraprmantarget/
c.启动一个伪实例：
RMAN>startupnomount connectedtotargetdatabase(notstarted) startupfailed:ORA-01078:failureinprocessingsystemparameters LRM-00109:couldnotopenparameterfile'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/dbs/initrfdb.ora' startingOracleinstancewithoutparameterfileforretrievalofspfile Oracleinstancestarted TotalSystemGlobalArea1068937216bytes FixedSize2260088bytes VariableSize281019272bytes DatabaseBuffers780140544bytes RedoBuffers5517312bytes |
d.在伪实例下恢复spfile文件（必须要指定rman的备份片）：
RMAN>restorespfilefrom"/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp"; Startingrestoreat14-DEC-15 usingchannelORA_DISK_1 channelORA_DISK_1:restoringspfilefromAUTOBACKUP/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp channelORA_DISK_1:SPFILErestorefromAUTOBACKUPcomplete Finishedrestoreat14-DEC-15 |
e.关闭伪实例，用spfile文件启动至nomount状态：
RMAN>shutdownabort Oracleinstanceshutdown RMAN>startupnomount connectedtotargetdatabase(notstarted) Oracleinstancestarted TotalSystemGlobalArea1068937216bytes FixedSize2260088bytes VariableSize910164872bytes DatabaseBuffers150994944bytes RedoBuffers5517312bytes |
f.恢复控制文件（必须要指定rman的备份片，备份片应该和spfile的恢复片是同一个）：
RMAN>restorecontrolfilefrom"/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp"; Startingrestoreat14-DEC-15 allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1 channelORA_DISK_1:SID=1146devicetype=DISK channelORA_DISK_1:restoringcontrolfile channelORA_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01 outputfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b0h_.ctl outputfilename=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl Finishedrestoreat14-DEC-15 |
g.启动数据库至mount状态：
RMAN>alterdatabasemount; databasemounted releasedchannel:ORA_DISK_1 |
