1 Web简单了解
·Web服务器称为WWW服务器,主要是提供上网功能;
· 常见的Web服务器有:Microsoft IIS、IBM WebSphere、Apache、Tomcat等;
· 本文主要以Apache服务器为例了解一些Linux/centos上如何配置管理Web服务器。
2 关于Apache
· Apache是一种开源的Web服务器软件;
· 支持静态和动态内容;
· 对于模块化支持;
· 支持SSL和虚拟主机;
· 具有完整的日志功能;
· 支持用户认证机制等。
3 如何安装Apache服务器?
3.1 Apache服务安装
先检查系统上是否已经安装了Apache服务,如下:
rpm -qa | grep httpd
我的是已经安装了如下:
如果没有安装,可以使用以下命令安装:
yum -y install httpd
3.2 httpd服务的基本操作
查看httpd服务的运行状态:
systemctl status httpd.service
如下显示,我的还没有启动:
启动httpd服务:
systemctl start httpd.service
启动后如下显示:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-11-08 17:53:21 CST; 2s ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Main PID: 5953 (httpd)
Status: "Processing requests..."
Tasks: 9
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─5953 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─5954 /usr/libexec/nss_pcache 6 off
├─5956 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─5958 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─5959 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─5960 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─5961 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─5962 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
Nov 08 17:53:20 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Nov 08 17:53:20 localhost.localdomain httpd[5953]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain na...message
Nov 08 17:53:21 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
停止httpd服务:
systemctl stop httpd.service
重启httpd服务:
systemctl restart httpd.service
设置开机自启动:
systemctl enable httpd.service
查看设置自启动是否成功:
systemctl list-unit-files | grep httpd
如下显示则为设置成功了:
4 如何配置Apache服务器?
4.1 关于httpd.conf配置
Apache服务的配置文件为httpd.conf,文件在`/etc/httpd/conf/下:
httpd.conf文件内容说明:
4.2 常用指令
5 简单实例
·主要目标是配置个人Web站点;
· 建用户NoamaNelson,修改权限,并建立目录public_html:
useradd NoamaNelson
mkdir /home/NoamaNelson/public_html
chmod +711 /home/NoamaNelson/
chmod +755 /home/NoamaNelson/public_html/
在public_html下建立网页文件index,html:
vim /home/NoamaNelson/public_html/index.html
Welcome everyone,
This is my Web~~~
配置/etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf文件:
<IfModule mod_userdir.c>
#UserDir disabled
UserDir public_html
</IfModule>
<Directory "/home/*/public_html">
AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes
#Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec
Options None
Require method GET POST OPTIONS
</Directory>
Require method GET POST OPTIONS
保存以上文件,重启服务器,关闭防火墙,将Selinux设置为Permissive:
systemctl start httpd
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0
getenforce
在浏览器中输入服务ip/ ~NoamaNelson/即可打开NoamaNelson的个人主页,比如我的是如下:
本文内容不用于商业目的,如涉及知识产权问题,请权利人联系51Testing小编(021-64471599-8017),我们将立即处理