引言
生产者和消费者问题是线程模型中的经典问题:生产者和消费者在同一时间段内共用同一个存储空间,如下图所示,生产者向空间里存放数据,而消费者取用数据,如果不加以协调可能会出现以下情况:
生产者消费者图
存储空间已满,而生产者占用着它,消费者等着生产者让出空间从而去除产品,生产者等着消费者消费产品,从而向空间中添加产品。互相等待,从而发生死锁。
JAVA解决线程模型的三种方式
1、wait()和notify()
import java.util.LinkedList; public class ProducerConsumer { private LinkedList<Object> storeHouse = new LinkedList<Object>(); private int MAX = 10; public ProducerConsumer() { } public void start() { new Producer().start(); new Comsumer().start(); } class Producer extends Thread { public void run() { while (true) { synchronized (storeHouse) { try { while (storeHouse.size() == MAX) { System.out.println("storeHouse is full , please wait"); storeHouse.wait(); } Object newOb = new Object(); if (storeHouse.add(newOb)) { System.out.println("Producer put a Object to storeHouse"); Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 3000)); storeHouse.notify(); } } catch (InterruptedException ie) { System.out.println("producer is interrupted!"); } } } } } class Comsumer extends Thread { public void run() { while (true) { synchronized (storeHouse) { try { while (storeHouse.size() == 0) { System.out.println("storeHouse is empty , please wait"); storeHouse.wait(); } storeHouse.removeLast(); System.out.println("Comsumer get a Object from storeHouse"); Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 3000)); storeHouse.notify(); } catch (InterruptedException ie) { System.out.println("Consumer is interrupted"); } } } } } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ProducerConsumer pc = new ProducerConsumer(); pc.start(); } } |