python函数学习1
上一篇 / 下一篇 2019-09-19 14:48:37 / 个人分类:python相关
函数分类 | 函数作用 | 函数名 | 例子 | 运行结果 |
剔除字符串开头的空白 | lstrip() | favorite_language
= ' python ' favorite_language.lstrip() |
‘python ’ | |
剔除字符串右边的空白 | rstrip() | favorite_language
= ' python ' favorite_language.rstrip() |
‘ python’ | |
剔除字符串两端的空白 | strip() | favorite_language
= ' python ' favorite_language.strip() |
‘python’ | |
以首字母大写的方式显示英文名称 | title() | name
= "ada loveLace" print(name.title()) |
Ada Lovelace | |
全部大写 | upper() | name
= "Ada LoveLace" print(name.upper()) |
ADA LOVELACE | |
全部小写 | lower() | name
= "Ada LoveLace" print(name.lower()) |
ada lovelace | |
换行符 | \n | |||
制表符 | \t | |||
换行制表符 | \n\t | |||
字符转化 | str() | age
= 23 message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!" print(message) |
Happy 23rd Birthday! | |
注释用#标识 | # | |||
数组,列表, 用-1索引访问倒数第一个元素; -2返回倒数第二个列表元素;以此类推 |
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修改列表元素 | motorcycles
= ['honda', 'yamaha' 'suzuki'] print(motorcycles) motorcycles[0] = 'ducati' print(motorcycles) |
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列表中添加元素 | .append() | motorcycles
= ['honda', 'yamaha' 'suzuki'] motorcycles.append('ducati') print(motorcycles) |
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列表中插入元素 | .insert() | motorcycles
= ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki'] motorcycles.insert(0, 'ducati') print(motorcycles) |
['ducati', 'honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki'] | |
列表中删除元素,无法再访问它了。 | del语句 | motorcycles
= ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki'] print(motorcycles) del motorcycles[0] print(motorcycles) |
['yamaha', 'suzuki'] | |
使用pop()删除元素, 删除列表末尾的元素 |
pop() | motorcycles
= ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki'] print(motorcycles) popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop() print(motorcycles) print(popped_motorcycle) |
['honda',
'yamaha', 'suzuki'] ['honda', 'yamaha'] suzuki |
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从列表中删除元素,可接着使用它的值 | remove() | |||
对列表进行永久性排序 | sort() | |||
对列表进行临时性排序 | sorted() | >>>
cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru'] >>> print("here is the original list:") >>> print(cars) >>> print("\nHere is the sorted list:") >>> print(sorted(cars)) |
here
is the original list: ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru'] Here is the sorted list: ['audi', 'bmw', 'subaru', 'toyota'] |
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倒着打印列表;是永久性地修改列表元素的排列顺序,但随时可恢复,只要再用一次该函数; | reverse() | >>>
cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru'] >>> print(cars) >>> cars.reverse() >>> print(cars) >>> cars.reverse() >>> print(cars) |
['bmw',
'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru'] ['subaru', 'toyota', 'audi', 'bmw'] ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru'] |
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列表的长度 | len() | |||
生成一串数字; 一般不包含第二个值 |
range() | for
value in range(1,6) print(value) |
1 2 3 4 5 |
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转化成列表 | list() | numbers
= list(range(1,6)) print(numbers) |
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] | |
使用列表的一部分,到达第二个索引前面的元素后停止; | 列表名([]) | players
= ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli'] print(players[1:4]) |
['martina', 'michael', 'florence'] | |
复制列表 | my_foods
= ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrotcake', 'cannoli','ice cream'] friend_foods = my_foods[:] my_foods.append('cannoli002') friend_foods.append('ice cream002') print("My favorite pizzas are:") for my_food in my_foods[:]: print(my_food.title()) print("My friend's favorite pizzas are:") for friend_food in friend_foods[:]: print(friend_food.title()) |
My
favorite pizzas are: Pizza Falafel Carrotcake Cannoli Ice Cream Cannoli002 My friend's favorite pizzas are: Pizza Falafel Carrotcake Cannoli Ice Cream Ice Cream002 |
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检查值是否在列表中 | in / not in | banned_users
= ['andrew', 'carolina', 'david' ] user = 'marie' if user not in banned_users: print(user.title() + ",you can post a response if you wish.") |
Marie,you can post a response if you wish. | |
if语句 | if-else语句 | alien_color
= ['green', 'yellow', 'red'] if 'green' in alien_color: print("player get 5 points") else: print("player get 10 points") |
player get 5 points | |
if-elif-else语句 | alien_color
= ['green', 'yellow', 'red'] if 'yellow' in alien_color: print("player get 10 points") elif 'red' in alien_color: print("player get 5 points") else : print("green player get 5 points") |
player get 10 points | ||
多个elif代码 | alien_color
= ['green', 'yellow', 'red'] if 'green' in alien_color: print("player get 5 points") elif 'yellow' in alien_color: print("player get 10 points") elif 'red' in alien_color: print("player get 10 points") |
player get 5 points | ||
多个if代码 | alien_color
= ['green', 'yellow', 'red'] if 'green' in alien_color: print("shoot green player get 5 points") if 'yellow' in alien_color: print("shoot yellow player get 10 points") if 'red' in alien_color: print("shoot red player get 15 points") |
shoot
green player get 5 points shoot yellow player get 10 points shoot red player get 15 points |
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- 建立时间: 2011-06-16
- 更新时间: 2019-09-19