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TestNG学习之路—HelloWorld入门
上一篇 / 下一篇 2019-04-26 09:43:24 / 个人分类：软件测试
前言
工具
IntelliJ IDEA
TestNG 6.11
Maven
pom.xml配置
新建一个maven项目，pom.xml引入依赖。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>TestNG-Learning</groupId> <artifactId>TestNG</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>6.11</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> |
案例
TestNG的入门异常简单，如下所示，@BeforeClass注解方法相当于用例执行前的数据准备，@Test注解方法相当于用例执行，@AfterClass注解方法相当于用例执行后的数据销毁/恢复，其他注解后续文章再覆盖讲解。
代码结构
import org.testng.annotations.*; public class TestNGHelloWorld { @BeforeClass public void setUp(){ System.out.println("setUp!"); } @Test public void helloWorld(){ System.out.println("My first TestNG testCase!"); } @AfterClass public void tearDown(){ System.out.println("tearDown!"); } } |
执行结果如下：
setUp! My first TestNG testCase! tearDown! =============================================== Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 =============================================== |
执行测试
用例编写完成后，可通过以下几种方式来执行测试。
ant构建
使用ant来执行测试，遵循步骤如下。
1、安装ant。
2、配置build.xml文件。
<project default="test"> <path id="cp"> <pathelement location="lib/testng-6.11.jar"/> <pathelement location="lib/jcommander-1.48.jar"/> <pathelement location="build"/> </path> <taskdef name="testng" classpathref="cp" classname="org.testng.TestNGAntTask" /> <target name="test"> <testng classpathref="cp" > <classfileset dir="build" includes="TestNGHelloWorld.class"/> </testng> </target> </project> |
3、切换到build.xml文件目录，执行ant命令。
D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG>ant Buildfile: D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\build.xml test: [testng] setUp! [testng] My first TestNG testCase! [testng] tearDown! [testng] [testng] =============================================== [testng] Ant suite [testng] Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 [testng] =============================================== [testng] BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 2 seconds |
各目录结构如下所示。
文件结构-ant
TestNGHelloWorld.class
lib
务必下载jcommander.jar，否则报错如下。
D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG>ant Buildfile: D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\build.xml test: [testng] at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) [testng] at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701) [testng] at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048) [testng] at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018) [testng] at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784) [testng] at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544) [testng] at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526) [testng] Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.beust.jcommander.ParameterException [testng] at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381) [testng] at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) [testng] at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331) [testng] at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) [testng] ... 7 more [testng] Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again [testng] The tests failed. |
如果有包路径，需把包路径添加上去。
<project default="test"> <path id="cp"> <pathelement location="lib/testng-6.8.7.jar"/> <pathelement location="lib/jcommander-1.48.jar"/> <pathelement location="build"/> </path> <taskdef name="testng" classpathref="cp" classname="org.testng.TestNGAntTask" /> <target name="test"> <testng classpathref="cp" > <!--includes需加上包路径--> <classfileset dir="build" includes="com/demo/test/TestHello.class"/> </testng> </target> </project> |
xml执行
新建testNG.xml文件(可参考《IDEA自动生成TestNG的testng.xml》文章)，右键run即可。如下xml结构是根据class来执行测试，其他结构配置后续再详解。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd"> <suite name="Default Suite"> <test name="TestNG"> <classes> <class name="TestNGHelloWorld"/> </classes> </test> <!-- TestNG --> </suite> <!-- Default Suite --> testNG.xml run |
命令行执行
步骤：
1、环境变量配置
TestNGHome
ClassPath
2、编译
TestNGHelloWorld.class
3、自定义classpath（第2步的TestNGHelloWorld.class路径）
| java -classpath "%classpath%;D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\build" org.testng.TestNG testNG.xml |
执行xml：
D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib>java -classpath "%classpath%;D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\build" org.testng.TestNG testNG.xml [TestNG] Running: D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib\testNG.xml setUp! My first TestNG testCase! tearDown! =============================================== Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 =============================================== |
执行class：
D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib>java -classpath "%classpath%;D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\build" org.testng.TestNG -testclass TestNGHelloWorld [TestNG] Running: Command line suite setUp! My first TestNG testCase! tearDown! =============================================== Command line suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 =============================================== |
还可以将命令行开关放在文本文件中，例如d:\test.txt。，并告诉TestNG使用该文件检索其参数，执行结果与上面的一致。
d:\test.txt 内容：testNG.xml
编译后的class文件在D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib下
D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib>java -Dtestng.test.classpath org.testng.TestNG @d:\test.txt [TestNG] Running: D:\IntelliJ_IDEA_workspace\TestNG\lib\testNG.xml setUp! My first TestNG testCase! tearDown! =============================================== Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 |
命令行执行更多的参数可参考官网。
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