空间管理您的位置: 51Testing软件测试网 » simeng1128的个人空间 » 日志

【转】functools模块

上一篇 / 下一篇 2016-06-30 19:20:35 / 个人分类：python

查看( 621 ) / 评论( 0 ) / 评分( 0 / 0 )

functools 是python2.5被引人的，文档在http://docs.python.org/library/functools.html

functools里有partial，reduce，update_wrapper，wraps

我们一个一个的来理解

1. functools.reduce和python内置的reduce是一样的，

2. functools.partial

一个带 n 个参数,partial 的函数固化第一个参数为固定参数,并返回另一个带 n-1 个参数函数对象.

fromoperatorimportadd
importfunctools
printadd(1,2)#3
add1=functools.partial(add,1)
printadd1(10)#11

3. update_wrapper

文档中是这样描述的

The main intended use for this function is indecoratorfunctions which wrap the decorated function and return the wrapper. If the wrapper function is not updated, the metadata of the returned function will reflect the wrapper definition rather than the original function definition, which is typically less than helpful.

fromfunctoolsimportwraps
fromfunctoolsimportupdate_wrapper
defdecorator0(f):
defwrapper(*args,**kwds):
print'Calling decorated function---------------------0'
returnf(*args,**kwds)
returnwrapper

defdecorator1(f):
defwrapper(*args,**kwds):
print'Calling decorated function---------------------1'
returnf(*args,**kwds)
returnwrapper

@decorator0
defexample():
"""Docstring"""
print'Called example function'
example()

print'--------------------------------'

update_wrapper(example,decorator1)
example()

4. functools.wraps,文档描叙

This is a convenience function for invokingpartial(update_wrapper,wrapped=wrapped,assigned=assigned,updated=updated)as a function decorator when defining a wrapper function.

其实也就是相当于在调用了partial，使用wraps可以把整个function的属性都带上。

>>>fromfunctoolsimportwraps
>>>defmy_decorator(f):
...     @wraps(f)
...defwrapper(*args,**kwds):
...print'Calling decorated function'
...returnf(*args,**kwds)
...returnwrapper
...
>>>@my_decorator
...defexample():
..."""Docstring"""
...print'Called example function'
...
>>>example()
Calling decorated function
Called example function
>>>example.__name__
'example'
>>>example.__doc__
'Docstring'