Android中的自动化测试

1.用adb shell去启动测试程序，如：

adb shell am start -n com.google.android.contacts/.ContactsActivity

am是一个脚本命令：51Testing软件测试网|#G(`3HVx:T5x*v2p1p

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# Script. to start "am" on the device, which has a very rudimentary
# shell.
#
base=/system
export CLASSPATH=$base/framework/am.jar
exec app_process $base/bin com.android.commands.am.Am $*

不加任何参数运行am，我们可以看帮助信息：51Testing软件测试网i}P"`g)\7{~ X#D

[root@localhost ~]# adb shell am
usage: am [start|broadcast|instrument|profile]
       am start -D INTENT
       am broadcast INTENT
       am instrument [-r] [-e <ARG_NAME> <ARG_VALUE>] [-p <PROF_FILE>]
                [-w] <:component>
       am profile <PROCESS> [start <PROF_FILE>|stop]
       INTENT is described with:
                [-a <ACTION>] [-d <DATA_URI>] [-t <MIME_TYPE>]
                [-c <CATEGORY> [-c <CATEGORY>] ...]
                [-e|--es <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE> ...]
                [--ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE> ...]
                [-e|--ei <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE> ...]
                [-n <:component>] [-f <FLAGS>] [<URI>]

am 是在命令行启动android程序的一种方法，它是在cmds/am/src/com/android/commands/am/Am.java里实现的。51Testing软件测试网7mU]"y"Dk e Otms

在函数runInstrument实现了instrument 命令，主要做了下面的事：
Z;KK;c7o(x@
W01.参数解析
~o1\g @ YED0l;S02.创建一个InstrumentationWatcher对象，用来接收测试结果。
B\Z+vc6Q@03.调用IActivityManager的startInstrumentation运行测试程序。51Testing软件测试网3M)x/m| X|ER2i)`,XG:J
4.调用InstrumentationWatcher的waitForFinish函数等待测试结束。51Testing软件测试网8TD]yq.y

private void runInstrument() {
...
        try {
            if (!mAm.startInstrumentation(cn, profileFile, 0, args, watcher)) {
                System.out.println("INSTRUMENTATION_FAILED: " +
                        cn.flattenToString());
                showUsage();
                return;
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
        }
 
...
        if (watcher != null) {
            if (!watcher.waitForFinish()) {
                System.out.println("INSTRUMENTATION_ABORTED: System has crashed.");
            }
        }
...
}

startInstrumentation实际上是在services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java里执行的，执行过程如下：
$~H8I(lw-g~01.调用PackageManager的getInstrumentationInfo获取InstrumentationInfo和ApplicationInfo。51Testing软件测试网~`'_QF E
2.uninstall原来的测试程序(如果前面运行了相同的测试程序，就会停止它)
4@j)c'Uw03.运行新的测试程序。

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public boolean startInstrumentation(ComponentName className,
            String profileFile, int flags, Bundle arguments,
            IInstrumentationWatcher watcher) {
...
      try {
                ii = mContext.getPackageManager().getInstrumentationInfo(
                    className, 0);
                ai = mContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(
                    ii.targetPackage, PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES);
            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
...
            uninstallPackageLocked(ii.targetPackage, -1, true);
            ProcessRecord app = addAppLocked(ai);
...
     }