转自:http://hi.baidu.com/zhangzhiyin88/blog/item/597e4afab87bf8859f514658.html
一、fdisk的介绍;
fdisk - Partition table manipulator for Linux,(磁盘
分区表操作工具),其实就是linux下的分区工具;
二、fdisk 对硬盘及分区的操作,进入fdisk 对硬盘操作阶段;
我们会看到两个设备一个是/dev/sda ,另一个是
/dev/sdb;
fdisk 操作硬盘的命令格式如下:
# fdisk /dev/sda
或
#fdisk /dev/sdb注:在以后的例子中,我们要以 /dev/sdb设备为例,来讲解如何用fdisk 来操作添加、删除分区等动作;
1、fdisk 的说明;
当我们通过 fdisk 设备,进入相应设备的操作时,会发现有如下的提示;以 fdisk /dev/sda 设备为例,以下同;
# fdisk /dev/sdbCommand (m for help):
// input 'm' and enter key for helpCommand action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition // 这是删除一个分区的动作 l list known partition types // 列出分区类型,以供我们设置相应分区的类型m print this menu // 列出帮助信息n add a new partition // 添加一个分区o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table // 列出分区表 q quit without saving changes // 不保存退出s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id // 改变分区类型u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit // 把分区表写入硬盘并退出 x extra functionality (experts only) // 扩展应用,专家功能 2、列出当前操作硬盘的分区情况,用
p;
Command (m for help):
pDisk /dev/sdb: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
63 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 3906 * 512 = 1999872 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 976469 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 501 700 390600 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 701 1016 617148 5 Extended
3、通过fdisk的
d指令来删除一个分区
Command (m for help):
dPartition number (1-5):
3 // 我想删除 sdb3,就在这里输入 3Command (m for help):
p // 再查看一下硬盘分区情况,看是否删除了?Disk /dev/sdb: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
63 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 3906 * 512 = 1999872 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 976469 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 501 700 390600 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
警告:删除分区时要
小 心,请看好分区的序号,如果您删除了扩展分区,扩展分区之下的逻辑分区都会删除;所以操作时一定要小心;如果知道自己操作错了,请不要惊 慌,用q不保存退出;切记切记!!!!在分区操作错了之时,千万不要输入w保存退出!!!
4、通 过fdisk的
n指令增加一个分区;
Command (m for help):
n // input 'n' keyCommand action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e // input 'e' key to choose extendedPartition number (1-4):
3 // input 3 to add /dev/sdb3First cylinder (701-1016, default 701):
// default enterUsing default value 701
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (701-1016, default 1016):
// default enterUsing default value 1016
Command (m for help):
pDisk /dev/sdb: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
63 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 3906 * 512 = 1999872 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 976469 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 501 700 390600 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 701 1016 617148 5 Extended
Command (m for help):
nCommand action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l // input 'l' to choose logicalFirst cylinder (801-1016, default 801):
Using default value 801
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (801-1016, default 1016):
Using default value 1016
Command (m for help):
pDisk /dev/sdb: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
63 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 3906 * 512 = 1999872 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 976469 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 501 700 390600 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 701 1016 617148 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 701 800 195269 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 801 1016 421817 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
5、通过fdisk的
t指令指定分区类型
Command (m for help):
tPartition number (1-6):
1 // choose first sector /dev/sdb1Hex code (type L to list codes):
6 // choose Linux System to Fat16 SystemChanged system type of partition 1 to 6 (FAT16)
Command (m for help):
tPartition number (1-6):
2Hex code (type L to list codes):
6Changed system type of partition 2 to 6 (FAT16)
Command (m for help):
tPartition number (1-6):
5Hex code (type L to list codes):
6Changed system type of partition 5 to 6 (FAT16)
Command (m for help):
tPartition number (1-6):
6Hex code (type L to list codes):
6Changed system type of partition 6 to 6 (FAT16)
Command (m for help):
pDisk /dev/sdb: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
63 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 3906 * 512 = 1999872 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 976469 6 FAT16
/dev/sdb2 501 700 390600 6 FAT16
/dev/sdb3 701 1016 617148 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 701 800 195269 6 FAT16
/dev/sdb6 801 1016 421817 6 FAT16
Command (m for help):
6、fdisk 的退出,用
q或者
w;
Command (m for help):
wThe partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.
7、OK 大功告成。。。