直接播放H264视频流的方法或工具

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原文链接：http://www.51testing.com/?uid-360490-action-viewspace-itemid-849832

前几天在查找资料的时候发现一篇文章特别实用，链接如下：

http://blog.csdn.net/jasonhwang/article/details/7359095
抓取一个包含H.264 Payload RTP包的SIP会话或RTSP会话后，用Wireshark的Play功能只能播放声音，不能播放视频。把payload直接导出成文件后也是不能直接播放的，因为H.264 over RTP封包是符合RFC3984规范的，必须按照该规范把H.264数据取出来后，组成NALU，放到avi/mp4或裸码流文件等容器里后才能播放。

本人写了一个wireshark插件，可以在打开包含H.264码流的抓包后，选菜单“Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]”后，把抓包文件里的H.264码流自动导出到抓包文件所在目录（工作目录）里，名为from_<RTP流源 ip>_<RTP流源端口>_to_<RTP流目的ip>_<RTP流目的端口>.264的264裸码流文件里。（文件格式为每个NALU前加0x00000001分隔符）。

^Sq*e;k[SgWs0 本程序可以识别RFC3984里提到的三种H.264 over RTP封装，分别是Single NALU（一个RTP含一个NALU）、STAP-A（一个RTP包含多个NALU）、FU-A（一个NALU分布到多个RTP包）三种封装格式，且会自动把SPS和PPS放到裸码流文件头部。51Testing软件测试网t.bY\$G%\w

Lua脚本如下：51Testing软件测试网 S;^1Z]n

1ph*p^$@.X*ws051Testing软件测试网%DbL*T2^g
51Testing软件测试网MJ2IZ ^i V

6]!n3R V^DH2^.S:E[l0-- Dump RTP h.264 payload to raw h.264 file (*.264)51Testing软件测试网R(i;R#t!KzZ

-- According to RFC3984 to dissector H264 payload of RTP to NALU, and write it51Testing软件测试网DpVGn P

xvq`dr0-- to from<sourceIp_sourcePort>to<dstIp_dstPort>.264 file. By now, we support single NALU,

-- STAP-A and FU-A format RTP payload for H.264.51Testing软件测试网'Y(bpo i MA

-- You can access this feature by menu "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]"

{J'qX,GNps'EG)P0-- Author: Huang Qiangxiong (qiangxiong.huang@gmail.com)

-- change log:

A*i3K1bCcy0-- 2012-03-13

fRm:sk0-- Just can play

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- for geting h264 data (the field's value is type of ByteArray)

local f_h264 = Field.new("h264")

51Testing软件测试网)V N:o+M1h*W9j
51Testing软件测试网|plQ X

-- menu action. When you click "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]" will run this function

WP%G_x D L0 local function export_h264_to_file()

-- window for showing information51Testing软件测试网+i3kf;{H*Ug

KO FzHT0 local tw = TextWindow.new("Export H264 to File Info Win")

local pgtw = ProgDlg.new("Export H264 to File Process", "Dumping H264 data to file...")

#a~W:S;{ wu0 -- add message to information window

-Ev9O5Y&N.k.D0 function twappend(str)51Testing软件测试网-[O5epm7A9e

tw:append(str)

tw:append("\n")

8lpp;]B k0 end

}h6Aa+K*^X ~0 51Testing软件测试网-n;k3gQ1AN*c

-- running first time for counting and finding sps+pps, second time for real saving51Testing软件测试网__J9\q.}z

_R2[{2l0 local first_run = true

$DuFrJy0 -- variable for storing rtp stream and dumping parameters

c{CM!v2P nPO g0 local stream_infos = {}51Testing软件测试网cqn+c o;i

q[Tl5v\0 -- trigered by all h264 packats51Testing软件测试网w^ kA/U}s

6EKnK*_f*Y0 local my_h264_tap = Listener.new(tap, "h264")

T#ec.a'R!Z)w'E0 -- get rtp stream info by src and dst address51Testing软件测试网^TF/`'H\b

function get_stream_info(pinfo)

local key = "from_" .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port) .. "to" .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port)

#Lg h_8H&{&^/S"AEx0 local stream_info = stream_infos[key]

if not stream_info then -- if not exists, create one

1C!FF6Sp&lN0 stream_info = { }51Testing软件测试网8jNAk0d

stream_info.filename = key.. ".264"51Testing软件测试网n0^cH.Eksu

stream_info.file = io.open(stream_info.filename, "wb")

.}au ?9ue0 stream_info.counter = 0 -- counting h264 total NALUs51Testing软件测试网)b{0i$N]&~&Kc

F r E]cS|\]+AQ0 stream_info.counter2 = 0 -- for second time running

8U+Ieu+P5w4SMM0 stream_infos[key] = stream_info

'n&X*~ P?0?0 twappend("Ready to export H.264 data (RTP from " .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port)

.. " to " .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port) .. " to file:\n [" .. stream_info.filename .. "] ...\n")

end51Testing软件测试网 T(]n {Wt

f0ekh!}/Q0 return stream_info

jF+pT`0 end

51Testing软件测试网3a~8JkyO

M*fiu!O@{ u0 -- write a NALU or part of NALU to file.

function write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr)51Testing软件测试网*v0` a)R&P\

if first_run then

{!ZEFg1eW?0 stream_info.counter = stream_info.counter + 1

0x+SzXC+Q?c%e0 if begin_with_nalu_hdr then

-- save SPS or PPS51Testing软件测试网%@(}i`(z'_-D+f

'K7e _Ccu_0 local nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(0,1), 0x1F)

i(M4n,G&zfV Be1e0 if not stream_info.sps and nalu_type == 7 then

4Un$]L6r#U0 stream_info.sps = str_bytes

elseif not stream_info.pps and nalu_type == 8 then

stream_info.pps = str_bytes

xu7d#` r#_1\_ i0 end

end

(E*y!F|i*c0C,i0

else -- second time running51Testing软件测试网4S)sW oX HM)d

)J`p`X;B0 if stream_info.counter2 == 0 then

-- write SPS and PPS to file header first

if stream_info.sps then

p8r}3WQn aGs0 stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")

stream_info.file:write(stream_info.sps)

;V K@'hNoZ7[|0 else

twappend("Not found SPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")

Y.L%W(TZ L R1}A#E F0 end51Testing软件测试网ua[9J?}

I}'f[Y8j0 if stream_info.pps then

D(gg-K&I0 stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")

+d|LOME(pRo0 stream_info.file:write(stream_info.pps)

else

twappend("Not found PPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")

end51Testing软件测试网5zk2K%Z({X

end51Testing软件测试网Y9[[@1P o`K

g#u0E#Z?N:r0 51Testing软件测试网W*uX&jR:t5f1_\

if begin_with_nalu_hdr then

"y7qE ^c ?|j4x0 -- *.264 raw file format seams that every nalu start with 0x00000001

5H!s)\6|soJ$C3r e0 stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")51Testing软件测试网p(rV zO

end

stream_info.file:write(str_bytes)

2Dvj4b;}q+@0 stream_info.counter2 = stream_info.counter2 + 151Testing软件测试网x*~{b;Cx

2q7Ynr(S:rvi4v0

^9|s}$t$OG;yv0 if stream_info.counter2 == stream_info.counter then

Rz$E+c.t-a:I"G;Gw0 stream_info.file:flush()

I/|%K H9?6D/[*i0 twappend("File [" .. stream_info.filename .. "] generated OK!\n")

R R#q\:^M(W1W0 end

-- update progress window's progress bar

}R!n.XD#F0S/_#t0 if stream_info.counter > 0 then pgtw:update(stream_info.counter2 / stream_info.counter) end51Testing软件测试网n'b~6?!aV#f

end51Testing软件测试网c O,VwHYI

end

6a"dN})G8{$fH0

#D~mEO0 -- read RFC3984 about single nalu/stap-a/fu-a H264 payload format of rtp

G8ro@8lp0 -- single NALU: one rtp payload contains only NALU

function process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264)51Testing软件测试网["~p_u.H

write_to_file(stream_info, h264:tvb()():string(), true)51Testing软件测试网G!P sWkeZ

end

51Testing软件测试网4r-KC_.j

:K(ZQ'ITQ9_J+]0 -- STAP-A: one rtp payload contains more than one NALUs

3c-{o)WDa'LZ1U)C0 function process_stap_a(stream_info, h264)51Testing软件测试网6EP6|P1XF` w

local h264tvb = h264:tvb()

local ffset = 1

0uR BC*~.C5kU0 repeat

local size = h264tvb(offset,2):uint()

|%f!G5o C0 write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(offset+2, size):string(), true)51Testing软件测试网G3}i YsV]

ffset = offset + 2 + size

&n@AD%NL0 until offset >= h264tvb:len()51Testing软件测试网:Tl!~4Y;o$i

xi%wq~O!eYM+s0 end

-G#iy*} pq0

-- FU-A: one rtp payload contains only one part of a NALU (might be begin, middle and end part of a NALU)

function process_fu_a(stream_info, h264)

local h264tvb = h264:tvb()

local fu_idr = h264:get_index(0)

local fu_hdr = h264:get_index(1)51Testing软件测试网7Lu5P*H4@1lR

DW,?N9O+e0 if bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x80) ~= 0 then51Testing软件测试网8t|D,X[a

-- start bit is set then save nalu header and body

local nalu_hdr = bit.bor(bit.band(fu_idr, 0xE0), bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x1F))51Testing软件测试网a4H&lz)R3iG

Hm7~(l)I1dhH Z0 write_to_file(stream_info, string.char(nalu_hdr), true)

,Bn%qVIUps0 else

:Hx^,Y:~xG&q0 -- start bit not set, just write part of nalu body

+PE0F5zw@1m0 end

3W0Bdu4DH0 write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(2):string(), false)

&A*d\}IwI0 end

-- call this function if a packet contains h264 payload

.HM?B;}&I0 function my_h264_tap.packet(pinfo,tvb)

-n*fCanSP5`0 local h264s = { f_h264() } -- using table because one packet may contains more than one RTP

V3Yl }+p5\E+fB0 for i,h264_f in ipairs(h264s) do

if h264_f.len < 2 then

return51Testing软件测试网V#bI](P

end

:Z&W&j.G _9iiD0 local h264 = h264_f.value -- is ByteArray

F+R$EN%]Uf']/p0 local hdr_type = bit.band(h264:get_index(0), 0x1F)

local stream_info = get_stream_info(pinfo)51Testing软件测试网GW&MUMk"hB

4i.W4oI uS0 if hdr_type > 0 and hdr_type < 24 then51Testing软件测试网,_7`8A K9xfwl

!q'c2n+Ue @O5mF4~q0 -- Single NALU51Testing软件测试网8bu,N/agi

process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264)

.Cwxh(}C2GCG0 elseif hdr_type == 24 then

+u~X$h4U'A}0 -- STAP-A Single-time aggregation

3}ny_]`?,P0_0]0 process_stap_a(stream_info, h264)

k+yYY/OX&i0 elseif hdr_type == 28 then51Testing软件测试网$@8v?4K_?

-- FU-A

"[ CT@^C Q0 process_fu_a(stream_info, h264)

)aW-G[a0 else

twappend("Error: unknown type=" .. hdr_type .. " ; we only know 1-23(Single NALU),24(STAP-A),28(FU-A)!")

end

Di9`G,VK I0 end

end

&S fq5h#n*Mb$ITPy0

-- close all open files

(?!J6J(\i(Y*_w0 function close_all_files()51Testing软件测试网v j2rPthr

if stream_infos then

for id,stream in pairs(stream_infos) do

M ~*nPO J,i0 if stream and stream.file then

S+l U Q(L0~c%M0 stream.file:close()

C8\+W;r!w yk~0 stream.file = nil

q)L;ho#|Dl0 end

end

end51Testing软件测试网-RP0OV6w

z ]t@`#C+YV0 51Testing软件测试网og'qH-@'E

k1P$r?Q-?~%Qj;lW0 function my_h264_tap.reset()

t@$GEH-s8RMi0 -- do nothing now

Z)Q3yL/p0\%?m0 end

n\}(p x%\#E M0

function remove()

close_all_files()

my_h264_tap:remove()

end

$e&k1E%A,F@ CB)`P"|\0 tw:set_atclose(remove)

-- first time it runs for counting h.264 packets and finding SPS and PPS

retap_packets()

!Ld*u_PS0 first_run = false51Testing软件测试网O$jMe)b

'm{h'hc3I.hg0 -- second time it runs for saving h264 data to target file.

0|*c ?II2Lh0 retap_packets()

7W EOp6[Y5qq%d5ct0 -- close progress window

]'C1L(d/J0 pgtw:close()

end

6uC%E1P]Z5B$`0 51Testing软件测试网:y$Xk%lxY|2D

(ts6]\n:_0 -- Find this feature in menu "Tools->"Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]""51Testing软件测试网J!XE\^Py

register_menu("Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]", export_h264_to_file, MENU_TOOLS_UNSORTED)

end

Wmw'bP,_lI1G9M5u3x051Testing软件测试网1dGi2L7^5WD#L

2r%~roN U$b3h0把代码保存成h264_export.lua文件，放到wireshark安装目录下，然后修改wireshark安装目录下的init.lua文件：

$`\_[*IlB.R.~[0（1）若有disable_lua = true这样的行，则注释掉；

（2）在文件末加入dofile("h264_export.lua")

重新打开wirekshark就能使用该功能了。

生成的文件在桌面。

另外，264裸码流文件一般播放器不一定能播放，推荐使用ffmpeg的ffplay播放，或用ffmpeg转成通用文件格式播放。

我用的是Elecard_StreamEye测试的，生成的包正常播放。

"onYU"VMw0 很想把工具上传上来，但一直都未成功。

-laJ!q]M0
好了，下面是广告时间：

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