python函数学习1

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函数分类函数作用函数名例子运行结果
　剔除字符串开头的空白lstrip()favorite_language = ' python '
favorite_language.lstrip()		‘python ’
　剔除字符串右边的空白rstrip()favorite_language = ' python '
favorite_language.rstrip()		‘ python’
　剔除字符串两端的空白strip()favorite_language = ' python '
favorite_language.strip()		‘python’
　以首字母大写的方式显示英文名称title()name = "ada loveLace"
print(name.title())		Ada Lovelace
　全部大写upper()name = "Ada LoveLace"
print(name.upper())		ADA LOVELACE
　全部小写lower()name = "Ada LoveLace"
print(name.lower())		ada lovelace
　换行符\n　　
　制表符\t　　
　换行制表符\n\t　　
　字符转化str()age = 23
message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!"
print(message)		Happy 23rd Birthday!
　注释用#标识#　　
　数组，列表，
用-1索引访问倒数第一个元素；
-2返回倒数第二个列表元素；以此类推		　　　
　修改列表元素　motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha' 'suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles[0] = 'ducati'
print(motorcycles)		　
　列表中添加元素.append()motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha' 'suzuki']
motorcycles.append('ducati')
print(motorcycles)		　
　列表中插入元素.insert()motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
motorcycles.insert(0, 'ducati')
print(motorcycles)		['ducati', 'honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
　列表中删除元素,无法再访问它了。del语句motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
print(motorcycles)

del motorcycles[0]
print(motorcycles)		['yamaha', 'suzuki']
　使用pop()删除元素，
删除列表末尾的元素		pop()motorcycles = ['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop()
print(motorcycles)
print(popped_motorcycle)		['honda', 'yamaha', 'suzuki']

['honda', 'yamaha']

suzuki
　从列表中删除元素，可接着使用它的值remove()　　
　对列表进行永久性排序sort()　　
　对列表进行临时性排序sorted()>>> cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
>>> print("here is the original list:")

>>> print(cars)

>>> print("\nHere is the sorted list:")


>>> print(sorted(cars))
here is the original list:

['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']

Here is the sorted list:

['audi', 'bmw', 'subaru', 'toyota']
　倒着打印列表;是永久性地修改列表元素的排列顺序，但随时可恢复，只要再用一次该函数；reverse()>>> cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
>>> print(cars)

>>> cars.reverse()
>>> print(cars)

>>> cars.reverse()
>>> print(cars)
['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']

['subaru', 'toyota', 'audi', 'bmw']

['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
　列表的长度len()　　
　生成一串数字；
一般不包含第二个值		range()for value in range（1,6）
   print（value）		1
2
3
4
5
　转化成列表list()numbers = list(range(1,6))
print(numbers)		[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
　使用列表的一部分,到达第二个索引前面的元素后停止；列表名([]）players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
print(players[1:4])		['martina', 'michael', 'florence']
　复制列表　my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrotcake', 'cannoli','ice cream']
friend_foods = my_foods[:]
my_foods.append('cannoli002')
friend_foods.append('ice cream002')
print("My favorite pizzas are:")
for my_food in my_foods[:]:
 print(my_food.title())
print("My friend's favorite pizzas are:")
for friend_food in friend_foods[:]:
 print(friend_food.title())		My favorite pizzas are:
Pizza
Falafel
Carrotcake
Cannoli
Ice Cream
Cannoli002
My friend's favorite pizzas are:
Pizza
Falafel
Carrotcake
Cannoli
Ice Cream
Ice Cream002
　检查值是否在列表中in / not inbanned_users = ['andrew', 'carolina', 'david' ]
user = 'marie'
if user not in banned_users:
 print(user.title() + ",you can post a response if you wish.")		Marie,you can post a response if you wish.
if语句if-else语句　alien_color = ['green', 'yellow', 'red']
if 'green' in alien_color:
 print("player get 5 points")
else:
 print("player get 10 points")		player get 5 points
　if-elif-else语句　alien_color = ['green', 'yellow', 'red']
if 'yellow' in alien_color:
 print("player get 10 points")
elif 'red' in alien_color:
 print("player get 5 points")
else :
 print("green player get 5 points")		player get 10 points
　多个elif代码　alien_color = ['green', 'yellow', 'red']
if 'green' in alien_color:
 print("player get 5 points")
elif 'yellow' in alien_color:
 print("player get 10 points")
elif 'red' in alien_color:
 print("player get 10 points")		player get 5 points
　多个if代码　alien_color = ['green', 'yellow', 'red']
if 'green' in alien_color:
 print("shoot green player get 5 points")
if 'yellow' in alien_color:
 print("shoot yellow player get 10 points")
if 'red' in alien_color:
 print("shoot red player get 15 points")		shoot green player get 5 points
shoot yellow player get 10 points
shoot red player get 15 points

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