Tomcat新手攻略【转】

&Q QaS%X Y0Tomcat新手攻略51Testing软件测试网7OU ^&]J3T1i!y
1、下载必要软件51Testing软件测试网1s V#o,kWm W&T
①JDK 1.4.2
tu7Tb[{2eR9D0②Tomcat 4.051Testing软件测试网rA"x _9oi8r
2、配置环境51Testing软件测试网4chbb6h,ct9sm6w'~
windows系统用户：
6J.Y@HZ;V m/S/v/Z0我的电脑------〉右键-------〉属性-------〉详细-------〉环境变数51Testing软件测试网J"kf-WF g2t4m:A
path = x:\jdk1.4.2\bin

JAVA_HOME=x:\jdk1.4.251Testing软件测试网bhjX$Ot
CATALINA_HOME=x:\tomcat（这里有的是TOMCAT_HOME=x:\tomcat）51Testing软件测试网5h+K-vC1L_7b5K
注：这里x为安装的驱动器。51Testing软件测试网+|| {.[0E

Z9M Y&[u/k9w7N0这里要怎么设置取决于bin目录下的startup.bat文件。51Testing软件测试网S1^)KI*dv
我们可以在编辑状态下打开startup.bat，看究竟这个文件需要读取那个系统变量，我们就设置那个。比如当前我的版本tomcat的startup.bat文件内容如下：

6d5QI*Z5~w7AJ0@echo off
]3AM{~l&M7n0if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal51Testing软件测试网U HLM-e I'}'W
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
S @GC8\/n-x(AW4\0rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server
wp%O(v@'v*H6S0rem51Testing软件测试网 t}%zed/Ze9v^
rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $
'm)| ?*goI,MOz0rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

"X2{$vrz:{zi8E0rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined
%_lHb![2G*zG0if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome51Testing软件测试网'G;W{:I{PD3lz
set CATALINA_HOME=.
5F mQ dt(c#N0if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
T:i(@a j1u]]'~0set CATALINA_HOME=..51Testing软件测试网1ze NkR$eP
:gotHome
.HR`M#X'c0if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome51Testing软件测试网7b]9I,gL-Z&H,XY
echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly
F.s4{T#c9TVe0echo This environment variable is needed to run this program
:h#\)_+E9e6qv T0goto end51Testing软件测试网#KOp"e'ja^
:okHome

set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat51Testing软件测试网7j1Eoh s$c5[q}*d

p_
Nq4}0rem Check that target executable exists
E.i%ue0A4x*Ay T0if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec51Testing软件测试网C$K6t+O!i1[^4~w
echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%51Testing软件测试网'iql}0K
echo This file is needed to run this program
R,B2hTt]L0goto end
6D%m x o_Pk6tn0:okExec

rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
%}UXI dy0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=
6X9_%u/gv8wc0:setArgs51Testing软件测试网x+w Qt\ Q v
if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs
8c$g'l&I$j0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %151Testing软件测试网.m6?BGt6d @(}.Q
shift
LF'x0g y7M5yJ?N0goto setArgs
@\#Lf&L,Msu0:doneSetArgs

zS1I'J1_'A_1f0call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%

OPYb6w+[0:end51Testing软件测试网Rz*_#K.Z

S+}5s'ET h0
wOW#?U(Q0@echo off
/L[Z:q3}3O/M/i0if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal51Testing软件测试网[p8kQ2D
h]X!A
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
v$J;V]._/Z0rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server51Testing软件测试网j T/M'A6aS%{ m;H [
rem
9F.IsQyB@T7_M0rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $51Testing软件测试网mr8ujd eA#w
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

+W }3nA v\d[{0rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined
4^BBX;M.P0if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome
I4j}SVg0set CATALINA_HOME=.
y!No9M$le&S!@0if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome51Testing软件测试网 ^^2r!`Ns
set CATALINA_HOME=..
(`f0m8Z4cS0p0:gotHome51Testing软件测试网ff+joY.yc0ry
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome51Testing软件测试网1W;BT,A3u-U9Zn
echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly51Testing软件测试网-\.p(hkt
echo This environment variable is needed to run this program51Testing软件测试网R%lWQ$s?n
goto end51Testing软件测试网$eUG3I[{Oi-P [+S
:okHome

B;B_I6u
S#hf&R0set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat

xT#^8V4X0s0rem Check that target executable exists
&Z3S9p(YBB0if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec
px?.~?6Q0echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%
z(vNb;c0echo This file is needed to run this program51Testing软件测试网(a uqO(GF `T
goto end
4U3fy]%C _0:okExec51Testing软件测试网:e2O?9k/~#Hz&ng

rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
\X!I]xf'Uc!Z+m0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=51Testing软件测试网?Q*_N[+V
:setArgs
x.\ DN4i _Q)Tj0if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs
tV#phLC6[.c}0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %151Testing软件测试网4E.]N7F9Q/s _O(a3X
shift51Testing软件测试网4Kj;W'@:N^0FBcl"U
goto setArgs
O@/Y0G5q5~
pn0:doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网iK+G;C
Z:ZP

i.JU P*grW*J0call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%51Testing软件测试网Oz;FCTND%V

:q,{\kx
N+paU0:end51Testing软件测试网/e8LQ)h.I]:z-N&sv

lj\5TH*xmiC0
SC5vcK3EHR0@echo off
(jBpe7m@6t/Bv0if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal51Testing软件测试网j!B1sR'F
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网WID7KGPgAC
rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server
0_']e yM S0rem
:Bq"sZ%{GU0rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $51Testing软件测试网V"gf/`)E0b
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined51Testing软件测试网F]7ri G1dK'T&e%z
if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome51Testing软件测试网9Ut? z`:T!a.X#K
set CATALINA_HOME=.51Testing软件测试网 sb@8P8yC
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
i"X3t$Fxv3fo0set CATALINA_HOME=..51Testing软件测试网 u.F R-M4a&g_
:gotHome51Testing软件测试网gv'p)c;~R#drY"F
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
]m#A"^W2^D0echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly51Testing软件测试网"~:J!o @Lh5s-D?"M
echo This environment variable is needed to run this program
1b
\l R1w9i/HW0goto end51Testing软件测试网-?s)cqLxC.w
:okHome

[w mL
S|!K4Tc0set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat

rem Check that target executable exists51Testing软件测试网n!U3xq6s
if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec
3PC'h!aM:i\0echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%
z'OU.qD1oi,u[vy0echo This file is needed to run this program
NH4[l$^w0goto end
*Ajul.X
gpOv0:okExec

rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
-O x"m;b2MKB,dO3i0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=51Testing软件测试网p,c T8y _$[*o)bk N J
:setArgs
%KA7?#v1g1B'I0if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网F&~#E1Zz.L$v0g
set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %151Testing软件测试网j;@8} iPJ]:T
shift51Testing软件测试网6V+|
p)_,en5u
goto setArgs51Testing软件测试网 J r$u3N9m.P
:doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网?N$I(@s]k

call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%

1E"J3L;UBR4}F0:end51Testing软件测试网7w%a,q0nfJ0`

51Testing软件测试网s!]8E(U&n%O
@echo off
@"D8D:cU5O UL3BA0if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal51Testing软件测试网R{l)Q;WvE(rM
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网}
X ^x8i4u bi$h-ZJ
rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server
,g.D-E&y*m)U1P(N0rem
3t(|9c+qg0rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $
5jO Kd{-U0rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined
au2@'T6PS*l0if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome
jB ~{^2w0set CATALINA_HOME=.51Testing软件测试网7qLGGW+Sr)rd
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome51Testing软件测试网A)HY,Zb
set CATALINA_HOME=..
f
H7c,z T'zS4}S P0:gotHome51Testing软件测试网P!oZBF,r
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
+S9ww(wD'Y#E0echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly
}^7_z/}0echo This environment variable is needed to run this program51Testing软件测试网*xS fnl&NG
goto end51Testing软件测试网W0O;c@,J4hYD2o
:okHome

F O+]Ng0set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat51Testing软件测试网8h9?sv8KC6?
S

rem Check that target executable exists
p^3a8b_v6_X_W C1X0if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec51Testing软件测试网0O4P UCo
echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%
jiaj"V
Jz0echo This file is needed to run this program51Testing软件测试网G7^/C$B!WpA
goto end51Testing软件测试网J/m0]!Wm:N
R1D
:okExec51Testing软件测试网fTT!o[2x:NzQ

"?gk%f
^h6M0rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
N
~)ry)Ga0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=51Testing软件测试网8G&vo.nlp&u{$@3V
:setArgs51Testing软件测试网 C URf"d
if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs
b6v T&a(pj0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %151Testing软件测试网"ymH"~!k\~
shift
A]s9q"u:Qx0goto setArgs
N2Sv#O nV0:doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网 yh%A-N$@5[B

s(H~)DY0call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%51Testing软件测试网{(u:V {WPz

I+A(g\)m0:end

xY;|;dcn\e051Testing软件测试网!?;pBIeYJ
@echo off
D+~ B%u(} L)b:}+oE0if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal
,|RSz
Z4_.L9r0rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网"f&phwT3JJ$E rRq
rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server
O5N v$x` X0h0rem51Testing软件测试网1q8db'n,e
rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $51Testing软件测试网nD@9f&BQ]?dp a
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网H qN#A&[b q;o!O

(D(R'h.U"U0rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined51Testing软件测试网4am0Dl4tr2Gc
if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome51Testing软件测试网8tTI/I
`!g
set CATALINA_HOME=.51Testing软件测试网Jq+mr.R|e?,N
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
$A9`_4~B.d(W.Z0set CATALINA_HOME=..
s5E1vv1v/GG0:gotHome51Testing软件测试网G-z+E$C#vYZ*yy#v3F
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
R3^"z`#G/x%YT0echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly51Testing软件测试网4]o1p:M4f4W ^8KL
echo This environment variable is needed to run this program
ZH7wGI)NV(R%y0goto end
.G3Q8m9x%c0g#c2A0:okHome51Testing软件测试网e+K:p9Y?Mv

`w%P A ~,wU0set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat

I+`!`"L9sM9]~ p$]0rem Check that target executable exists51Testing软件测试网`0Z n+z/tP
if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec51Testing软件测试网1l,pe4oAmD8n+`z
echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%51Testing软件测试网uo%w5^^I4{!_
echo This file is needed to run this program
r9W\z|!e SA)Z*W:j0goto end51Testing软件测试网8`1T0yI(d'N9t$D5Ms
:okExec

rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
!k_u:t,[5@0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=51Testing软件测试网z#L?%sJVeW
:setArgs
6c#W&qnLJ0if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs
C"L v e];Q1j4jUW!H0set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %1
r4{0J] ?,Nq0shift51Testing软件测试网"vN v*o_3Jq
goto setArgs
2t-MS1v)q.V~${.gff he0:doneSetArgs

d2A P,k7y)Z!UD&l0call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%

9e ^ EGm8ZB0:end51Testing软件测试网0g(\w,N2]If'` ]y

0sjr._QQ8\|q0
6iN9`!m@m0@echo off51Testing软件测试网[ B8?2V&C
if "%OS%" == "Windows_NT" setlocal
F zj4_.f3vEc0rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网8Jft'w#I!SoV&u
rem Start script. for the CATALINA Server
jjc$Iw|,S!O+Y0rem
V/]2uS8s+jxG0rem $Id: startup.bat,v 1.4 2002/01/15 02:55:38 patrickl Exp $
(W K0n/`e5l0rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------51Testing软件测试网 JG;[KEp!f7G`6M1T

rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined
C1|o+P1pe0if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome
{8GJ0N7w(Co0set CATALINA_HOME=.
OZ[` rmr0if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
&r,| ^v/ZO0set CATALINA_HOME=..
&c1\,]o:G SbV0:gotHome51Testing软件测试网p:MCZ;E&~
if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome51Testing软件测试网*H.VEI/\EVPB
echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly
n.z(Oh_s0echo This environment variable is needed to run this program51Testing软件测试网0F @y$OTad
goto end51Testing软件测试网`Q0Xz;R
:okHome51Testing软件测试网,p\1e \;c

.zh.K/c
i K7P0set EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat

'j:S#P-`&d7{D0l0D~0rem Check that target executable exists51Testing软件测试网-k XB0wS1Qn|.Z`
BA$t
if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec51Testing软件测试网M4MLZL
echo Cannot find %EXECUTABLE%51Testing软件测试网!w:dK7J(xg P/O1q/U? Bk
echo This file is needed to run this program
/f1i"Y qD g7}1E0goto end
9vUjr2~0:okExec51Testing软件测试网_#CaE C"J9{

rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the51Testing软件测试网"Q)g;] qj7sM
set CMD_LINE_ARGS=51Testing软件测试网m Zd,IHTjF
:setArgs51Testing软件测试网-S_3V*Id7iWuX,?
if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网9X(J#I$z#lvU+Y/]
set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %1
(P e/wp?0x0shift
(aO"ngzUi"Gc)o0goto setArgs51Testing软件测试网#R:f m)`hpF6Z'A#[o
:doneSetArgs51Testing软件测试网+}#fafXHHi7R5y9q

eg,_Y4HT0f%i0call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%51Testing软件测试网)\aHFM.~

:end

8A6Rd
]S(H%Q]0我们可以清楚的看到这个文件需要读取系统变量CATALINA_HOME的值，所以我们在环境变数中把CATALINA_HOME设置为tomcat的安装路径就可以了。

8z m L([O1?
x+b03、启动、关闭tomcat51Testing软件测试网#ua b%_)O@G
有2种方法可以启动、关闭安装好的tomcat：
Fmm:x@"||-_0① 直接点击运行bin目录下startup.bat和shutdown.bat文件就可以。
)kW?+\p'O0② 由于前面我们设置了path，所以我们直接在Dos窗口中直接键入startup或shutdown亦可。

gCe6L]j)PDhy04、设置虚拟目录51Testing软件测试网2WV5eRG,pa
编辑server文件（x:\tomcat\conf\server.xml）51Testing软件测试网M6U9X
J!Q;^^s
因为在tomcat启动时要读取server文件的信息，所以更改server文件后，一定要重新启动tomcat。51Testing软件测试网6rL0uQQ/|/F

R&c*t?zw6[g0举个例子：
3r(} zFVS!w0我们打算建立一个myJSP的虚拟目录，只要在server.xml文件中加入如下代码即可：
[#U%v#e$r.a_ rH0<Context path="/myJSP" docBase="c:\myJSP" debug="0"51Testing软件测试网%g9K+qz.Q
                reloadable="true" crossContext="true">
hPsRn.q2W'd*b0</Context>

其中，path为我们要建立的虚拟目录，docBase为实际目录在硬盘上的位置。51Testing软件测试网$o7kyD D\Q

8W5Ky#A8tyEQ05、试我们前面工作的成果
6}Mua y$|)?o0编一个简单的小例子，来测试一下我们的虚拟目录是否可用。51Testing软件测试网d P7S/d m?+{
refresh.jsp （c:\myJSP\refresh.jsp）51Testing软件测试网L}J5QQ4m,q+QH

<%@pagelanguage="java"%>51Testing软件测试网
@ ?"]4}-dd*j
<%@pageimport="java.util.Date"%>51Testing软件测试网,g0I,o*k0c\
<HTML>51Testing软件测试网,m%r5F2EH-q7]YV
<HEAD>
Q8w7b*~(z/e0<TITLE>AUTO REFRESH</TITLE>
7A^3RXt&q0<%response.setHeader("refresh","5");%>
9N$B%u&s V8s0</HEAD>51Testing软件测试网m7I1s*X5a7|"N|~k
<BODY bgcolor=#cc99dd><BR>51Testing软件测试网9u.?fNLh4Z

N#e!Z V:vI_
v0<center><h1>auto refresh example</h1></center><BR>51Testing软件测试网I)^0rPR.z*m-UE
<center>refresh time : 5 sencords</center><BR>
o;O,BQr1NT)~0<CENTER>Now Time is: <%=new Date()%></CENTER>51Testing软件测试网2Lj(C9e2a^/hhO#R
</BODY>51Testing软件测试网*Y/_Hi(~
bSbo
</HTML>51Testing软件测试网%\ GBl zJK
V ?

在地址栏键入http；//localhost:8080/myJSP/refresh.jsp，呵呵，看到效果了吧。