同事：出大事了，我连错服务器，把生产环境的数据库卸载了，能恢复吗？
我：数据文件还在吗？
同事：不知道，我照着网上卸载文档卸载的，注册表都删完了，发现环境不对，赶紧终止了。
我：远程发下吧。
看了下环境，oracle 安装目录里的组件删的差不多了，服务已经失效了，万幸的是数据文件目录都还在（数据文件，控制文件，redo），换了个目录重新装了 oralce 软件后，将数据恢复。
恢复时没找到可用的 pfile 文件模板，从别的环境拷贝了一份整改了下，想到之前做恢复时经常遇到这种类似的情况，现将常用的文件模板记录下。
pfile.ora 文件模板
db_name='ORCL'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/app/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files ='/data/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
重建控制文件模板
-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="orcl"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='MANDATORY NOREOPEN NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM EXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOREGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
-- Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 2920
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/data/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/syd01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o01.dbf ',
'/data/oradata/orcl/syd01.dbf ',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o02.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o03.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o04.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/oa01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Take files offline to match current control file.
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/syd01.dbf ' OFFLINE DROP;
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/o2o01.dbf' OFFLINE DROP;
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/o2o02.dbf' OFFLINE DROP;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2021_08_20/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2021_08_20/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 1528M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEST_TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/test_temp01.dbf'
SIZE 104857600 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M;
ALTER TABLESPACE OA_TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/oa_temp01.dbf'
SIZE 104857600 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
-- Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 2920
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/data/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/data/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/syd01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o01.dbf ',
'/data/oradata/orcl/syd01.dbf ',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o01.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o02.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o03.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/o2o04.dbf',
'/data/oradata/orcl/oa01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2021_08_20/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2021_08_20/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 1528M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEST_TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/test_temp01.dbf'
SIZE 104857600 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M;
ALTER TABLESPACE OA_TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/orcl/oa_temp01.dbf'
SIZE 104857600 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
tnsnames.ora 文件模板
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: F:\app\oracle\home\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
10.67.78.33_orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.67.78.33)(PORT = 9521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)(UR=A)
)
)
192.168.100.77_syd =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.77)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = syd)(UR=A)
)
)
10.67.78.63_orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.67.78.63)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
listener.ora
重建监听即可。
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