前言：
封装Selenium基本操作，让所有页面操作一键调用，让UI自动化框架脱离高成本、低效率时代，将用例的重用性贯彻到极致，让烦人的PO模型变得无所谓，让一个测试小白都能编写并实现自动化。
知识储备前提：熟练python语言理论与实际运用，熟悉selenium库与自动化测试环境配置。
browseroperator.py 浏览器操作 webdriveroperator.py WEBd页操作 |
一、browseroperator.py 的代码如下：
1、初始化函数def __init__(self)，初始化浏览相关参数
2、初始化浏览器方法def open_url(self, **kwargs)，先判断使用哪种浏览器。
**kwargs是不定长参数，dict格式，参数只需要传 url='www.baidu.com' ,方法调用只用 opr.open_url(url='www.baidu.com')，打开了浏览器，他会返回webdriver的句柄，调用处接收到全流程操作网站元素。
暂时还未封装IE 、火狐，留给各位朋友们实现吧，让我们一起学习
3、def close_browser（self, **kwargs）关闭浏览器，齐活，一并封装了
import os import time from selenium import webdriver from common.getconf import Config from common.getfiledir import BASEFACTORYDIR class BrowserOperator(object): def __init__(self): self.conf = Config() self.driver_path = os.path.join(BASEFACTORYDIR, 'chromedriver.exe') def open_url(self, **kwargs): """ 打开网页 :param url: :return: 返回 webdriver """ try: url = kwargs['locator'] except KeyError: return False, '没有URL参数' try: type = self.conf.get('base', 'browser_type') #从配置文件里取浏览器的类型 if type == 'chrome': #处理chrom弹出的info # chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() # #option.add_argument('disable-infobars') # chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation']) # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options, executable_path=self.driver_path) self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=self.driver_path) self.driver.maximize_window() self.driver.get(url) elif type == 'IE': print('IE 浏览器') else: print('火狐浏览器') except Exception as e: return False, e return True, self.driver def close_browser(self, **kwargs): """ 关闭浏览器 :return: """ self.driver.quit() return True, '关闭浏览器成功' |
二、webdriveroperator.py代码如下
1、def __init__(self, driver:Chrome)，初始化浏览器返回的deriver句柄；
2、内容不一 一 介绍了，实现了所有页面的操作，定义成功与否判断、日志返回等细节。各位看官细细品尝，细节都在代码里，每个方法注释大体可以说明了这个方法意义，很容易看懂。
还有很多UI操作没有搬运上来，留给各位朋友们去实现吧，让我们一起学习：
import os import time from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException from selenium.webdriver import Chrome from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from common.getfiledir import SCREENSHOTDIR class WebdriverOperator(object): def __init__(self, driver:Chrome): self.driver = driver def get_screenshot_as_file(self): """ 截屏保存 :return:返回路径 """ pic_name = str.split(str(time.time()), '.')[0] + str.split(str(time.time()), '.')[1] + '.png' screent_path = os.path.join(SCREENSHOTDIR, pic_name) self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screent_path) return screent_path def gotosleep(self, **kwargs): time.sleep(3) return True, '等待成功' def web_implicitly_wait(self, **kwargs): """ 隐式等待 :return: type 存时间 """ try: s = kwargs['time'] except KeyError: s = 10 try: self.driver.implicitly_wait(s) except NoSuchElementException: return False, '隐式等待 页面元素未加载完成' return True, '隐式等待 元素加载完成' def web_element_wait(self, **kwargs): """ 等待元素可见 :return: """ try: type = kwargs['type'] locator = kwargs['locator'] except KeyError: return False, '未传需要等待元素的定位参数' try: s = kwargs['time'] except KeyError: s = 30 try: if type == 'id': WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, locator))) elif type == 'name': WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, locator))) elif type == 'class': WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, locator))) elif type == 'xpath': WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, locator))) elif type == 'css': WebDriverWait(self.driver, s, 0.5).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, locator))) else: return False, '不能识别元素类型[' + type + ']' except NoSuchElementException: return False, '元素[' + locator + ']等待出现超时' return True, '元素[' + locator + ']等待出现成功' def find_element(self, type, locator, index = 0): """ 定位元素 :param type: :param itor: :param index: :return: """ #isinstance(self.driver, selenium.webdriver.Chrome.) type = str.lower(type) try: if type == 'id': elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_id(locator)[index] elif type == 'name': elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_name(locator)[index] elif type == 'class': elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name(locator)[index] elif type == 'xpath': elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath(locator)[index] elif type == 'css': elem = self.driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(locator)[index] else: return False, '不能识别元素类型:[' + type + ']' except Exception: screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file() return False, '获取[' + type + ']元素[' + locator + ']失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].' return True, elem def element_click(self, **kwargs): """ 点击 :param kwargs: :return: """ try: type = kwargs['type'] locator = kwargs['locator'] except KeyError: return False, '缺少传参' try: index = kwargs['index'] except KeyError: index = 0 _isOK, _strLOG = self.find_element(type, locator, index) if not _isOK: #元素没找到，返回失败结果 return _isOK, _strLOG elem = _strLOG try: elem.click() except Exception: screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file() return False, '元素['+ locator +']点击失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].' return True, '元素['+ locator +']点击成功' def element_input(self, **kwargs): """ 输入 :param kwargs: :return: """ try: type = kwargs['type'] locator = kwargs['locator'] text = str(kwargs['input']) except KeyError: return False, '缺少传参' try: index = kwargs['index'] except KeyError: index = 0 _isOK, _strLOG = self.find_element(type, locator, index) if not _isOK: # 元素没找到，返回失败结果 return _isOK, _strLOG elem = _strLOG # if 'test' != elem.get_property('type'): #校验元素是不是text输入框 # screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file() # return False, '元素['+ itor +']不是输入框,输入失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].' try: elem.send_keys(text) except Exception: screenshot_path = self.get_screenshot_as_file() return False, '元素['+ locator +']输入['+ text +']失败,已截图[' + screenshot_path + '].' return True, '元素['+ locator +']输入['+ text +']成功' |
结语：封装了基础类，还得实现一个工厂，实现统一一个入口执行所有自动化
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