前言
一类是基于 Selenium 的测试框架：
·robot framework
· gauge
· SeleniumBase
· seldom（我自己维护的）
另一类是基于JS语言的测试工具：
· cypress
· puppeteer
前都本身就是基于Selenium的自动化测试工具，后者在测试人员这个圈子也是未能撼动Selenium的地位，我认为有两个原因，一是Selenium是一个非常成熟的自动化测试工具，有大量的学习资料；另一方面selenium支持Python，没错Python以其简单的语法已经成为了测试人员学习编程语言的不二之选。
好了，介绍个新的自动化测试工具还要铺垫这么多？这是因为我看了palywright的文档之后，觉得这工具大概率能在测试人员这个群体中流行起来。
playwright 介绍
官方：https://playwright.dev/
介绍
Playwright enables fast, reliable and capable automation across all modern browsers.
支持平台&浏览器
支持语言
· JavaScript and TypeScript: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright
· Java: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-java
· Python: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-python
· C#: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-sharp
安装
不同的语言安装方式不同，根据上面的链接，到对应的项目下面查看安装方式。本文以Python为例。
安装plywright
> pip install playwright
安装浏览器
> python -m playwright install
Downloading chromium v827102 - 89.4 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
chromium v827102 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\chromium-827102
Downloading firefox v1205 - 74.9 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
firefox v1205 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\firefox-1205
Downloading webkit v1383 - 51.4 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
webkit v1383 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\webkit-1383
录制脚本
plywright可以在浏览器中记录用户的互动并生成代码。
执行命令
> python -m playwright codegen
视频
接下来，对录制的脚本做简单的修饰。
from time import sleep
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
def run(playwright):
pw = playwright().start()
browser = pw.chromium.launch(headless=False)
context = browser.new_context()
# Open new page
page = context.new_page()
# Go to https://www.baidu.com/
page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/")
# Fill input[name="wd"]
page.fill('input[name="wd"]', "playwright")
# Click input[type="submit"]
page.click('input[type="submit"]')
sleep(2)
# assert title
assert page.title() == "playwright_百度搜索"
# ---------------------
context.close()
browser.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
run(sync_playwright)
从API来看，和大多数自动化工具都差不多。
异步的写法
playwright官方例子中给出的异步的写法。 从它提供的API sync_playwright 的命名也可以看出，它很喜欢异步。
import asyncio
from playwright import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
browser = await browser_type.launch(headless=False)
page = await browser.newPage()
await page.goto('https://www.baidu.com')
await page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png')
await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())
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