布置JUnit环境
对于需要使用JUnit进行单元测试的maven项目,添加对JUnit相关jar包的依赖,打开这个project的pom.xml文件,引入以下dependency
<dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.9</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> |
具体要引用哪个版本的JUnit,在version节点配置,scope节点配置一般情况是test,二般情况下也配置的是test,我们引用JUnit只是为了在测试阶段去使用,软件的运行其实是不需要依赖JUnit的,软件的打包部署发布,也不需要将JUnit相关的库带上。
maven-surefire-plugin
在surefire的眼中,它看到的JUnit只有三个版本,分别是
· JUnit 3.8.x
· JUnit 4.x (surefire提供串行执行的provider)
· JUnit 4.7 (surefire提供支持并行执行的provider)
surefire使用哪种provider,要看项目中依赖的JUnit的项目,以及pom.xml中对surefire插件的配置,比如说是否配置了并行执行(parellel),选择的策略有以下伪代码演示:
if the JUnit version in the project >= 4.7 and the parallel attribute has ANY value
use junit47 provider
if JUnit >= 4.0 is present
use junit4 provider
else
use junit3.8.1
一般为了避免不必要的奇奇怪怪的麻烦,都直接指定surefire的provider,前提是要提前知道使用的JUnit版本
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.19.1</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId> <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId> <version>2.19.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> |
进行测试
首先编写一个待测试的类
package io.beansoft.junit.practice; /** * * * @author beanlam * @date 2016年12月8日 下午4:19:19 * @version 1.0 * */ public class Calculator { public int evaluate(String expression) { int sum = 0; for (String summand : expression.split("\\+")) sum += Integer.valueOf(summand); return sum; } } |
然后在src/test/java下编写测试类
package io.beansoft.junit.practice; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Test; /** * * * @author beanlam * @date 2016年12月9日 下午12:02:11 * @version 1.0 * */ public class CalculatorTest { @Test public void evaluatesExpression() { Calculator calculator = new Calculator(); int sum = calculator.evaluate("1+2+3"); Assert.assertEquals(6, sum); } } |
邮件点击项目,选择run as,选择maven test,运行结果如下所示
[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building junit-practice 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ junit-practice --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\eclipse-neon\workspace\junit-practice\src\main\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ junit-practice --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ junit-practice --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\eclipse-neon\workspace\junit-practice\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ junit-practice --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.19.1:test (default-test) @ junit-practice --- ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running io.beansoft.junit.practice.CalculatorTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 sec - in io.beansoft.junit.practice.CalculatorTest Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.066 s [INFO] Finished at: 2016-12-09T12:08:06+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 10M/219M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
可以看到测试案例通过
上文内容不用于商业目的,如涉及知识产权问题,请权利人联系博为峰小编(021-64471599-8017),我们将立即处理。