当在JUNIT与Spring集成测试时，出现：

　　org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - the owning Session was closed  错误的解决办法

　　以下内容转自：

　　http://www.javaeye.com/topic/14631

　　众所周知, 为了解决 Hibernate Lazy 问题, Spring 中引入了 OpenSessionInViewInterceptor, 这样虽然解决了页面上的 Lazy Load 问题，却增加了各层之间的偶合性, 如果一个 Lazy 的 Collection 在页面上可以被正确的 load, 但是如果请求不是来自于 HttpServletRequest (比如在 TestCase 或 Service 中希望获取 lazy 的属性), 一般会导致两种错误:

　　Java代码

　　1. 设置了 lazy = "true"

　　会导致 org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of xxx: xxx - no session or session was closed

　　2. 设置里 lazy = "false"

　　会导致 org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - the owning Session was closed

　　为了方便测试, 灵活使用 lazy load, 我按照 OpenSessionInViewInterceptor 的思路实现了一个 HibernateLazyResolber, 代码如下:

package org.summerfragrance.support.hibernate3;   import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;   import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;   import org.hibernate.FlushMode;   import org.hibernate.Session;   import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;   import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;   import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessResourceFailureException;   import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils;   import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionHolder;   import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;     public class HibernateLazyResolver implements InitializingBean {       private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateLazyResolver.class);;       private boolean singleSession = true;        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;       boolean participate = false;       protected Session session = null;                 public final void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory); {           this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;       }         public void setSingleSession(boolean singleSession); {           this.singleSession = singleSession;       }         protected boolean isSingleSession(); {           return singleSession;       }              public void afterPropertiesSet(); throws Exception {           if (sessionFactory == null); {              throw new IllegalArgumentException("SessionFactory is reqirued!");;           }       }     public void openSession(); {           if (isSingleSession();); {               // single session mode               if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.hasResource(sessionFactory);); {                   // Do not modify the Session: just set the participate flag.                   participate = true;               }               else {                   logger.debug("Opening single Hibernate Session in HibernateLazyResolver");;                   session = getSession(sessionFactory);;                   TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(sessionFactory, new SessionHolder(session););;               }           }           else {               // deferred close mode               if (SessionFactoryUtils.isDeferredCloseActive(sessionFactory);); {                   // Do not modify deferred close: just set the participate flag.                   participate = true;               }               else {                   SessionFactoryUtils.initDeferredClose(sessionFactory);;               }           }           }

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