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Android中的PopupWindow详解

上一篇 / 下一篇 2012-11-21 17:17:32 / 个人分类：android

Android的对话框有两种：PopupWindow和AlertDialog。它们的不同点在于：
j wKzQ$w+S0AlertDialog的位置固定，而PopupWindow的位置可以随意51Testing软件测试网 W(e\_4?8Q
AlertDialog是非阻塞线程的，而PopupWindow是阻塞线程的
+?"n!f%Di ~0PopupWindow的位置按照有无偏移分，可以分为偏移和无偏移两种；按照参照物的不同，可以分为相对于某个控件（Anchor锚）和相对于父控件。具体如下
n0L T.Z r dv&q0showAsDropDown(View anchor)：相对某个控件的位置（正左下方），无偏移
[uWd!o^^"A0showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)：相对某个控件的位置，有偏移51Testing软件测试网K9gval|w
showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)：相对于父控件的位置（例如正中央Gravity.CENTER，下方Gravity.BOTTOM等），可以设置偏移或无偏移51Testing软件测试网&c j^;Swe
下面通过一个Demo讲解（解释看注释）：51Testing软件测试网q&f8tA-B;}&_
main.xml51Testing软件测试网4I&i\U `&Kg
[html] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
9i"_3r-g@*NOk.n0<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
M~jk5z4o0    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 51Testing软件测试网l:_ DXa5HJ
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
B#jJcG cj0    android:orientation="vertical" >
b4h%g+Q@0
a qo)mh`0    <TextView 51Testing软件测试网Xyg{8P
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
QhL f7yi _OGf0        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
2wcD0d }%Z1[7F&[0        android:text="@string/hello" /> 51Testing软件测试网%O] ^#rou5o

I%UoBx8zS&s0    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button01"
l)F Zz&\2c0        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 51Testing软件测试网U3q6F2Px
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="以自己为Anchor，不偏移" />
/G.qrK&AE8I`0
Z*n$Ifb#kQ7K0    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button02" 51Testing软件测试网g3RX3wD%b
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
eEZZU1SRr0        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="以自己为Anchor，有偏移" />
]'^V+t8XN0 51Testing软件测试网?EB l!?'A
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button03"
p+C#| E(A%Pkl0        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
*dJ7} ]+]1W]TeF0m,N0        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
.R}@UZ-O:}!X0        android:text="以屏幕中心为参照，不偏移（正中间）" /> 51Testing软件测试网t#T/Iv;dZ:o

    <Button
.d[M'ko-amq.z*_c G-O0        android:id="@+id/button04"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 51Testing软件测试网``[ [~ j
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
?&K!]P:S%v#X5`0        android:text="以屏幕下方为参照，下方中间" />
L:w"s-aV]r} ]0
AfQi"``v0</LinearLayout>

popup_window.xml
[html]51Testing软件测试网W%D X2J-@6K4E
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
5g$z7{9Hi\0    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
b7IX JFv R0    android:background="#00FF00"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
$cc.Sa9?9cXg0 51Testing软件测试网9C?3Mp/gd
    <TextView 51Testing软件测试网/Z GAGe
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 51Testing软件测试网x1h7wB"g
        android:text="选择状态：" 51Testing软件测试网Fil,p:Pq,h
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        android:textSize="20px" /> 51Testing软件测试网TQ|HhFX

i]1UPM$K.xpc0    <RadioGroup
,N0M;h/K,Bt0        android:id="@+id/radioGroup" 51Testing软件测试网 yluQ!Zv\
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
1vd_B$js$X m0        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
)Me}1~7vk0        android:orientation="vertical" >

rd7G }w#PA0        <RadioButton android:text="在线" />
#{&@l7JU;\#rr E0
qC$Q.b P~1V0        <RadioButton android:text="离线" /> 51Testing软件测试网 lcJnQC/^E

        <RadioButton android:text="隐身" /> 51Testing软件测试网@ e"R DB
    </RadioGroup> 51Testing软件测试网p5_2N+MU.GyR

7a@5]M `y:@,D$ek0</LinearLayout> 51Testing软件测试网%EhH/G1C

PopupWindowDemoActivity.java
-|%pV1}h@0[java]
5j){3]CAko(ku0package com.tianjf; 51Testing软件测试网/Ekz4z'f2d9Y
51Testing软件测试网M\;\g Y^D
import android.app.Activity;
.N`&TVAR0import android.os.Bundle;
+g$~wo*iCY0import android.view.Gravity;
K J6N\8NF:Y0import android.view.LayoutInflater; 51Testing软件测试网9h_\` u/z
import android.view.View;
#M9RD?.AGZTd3F0import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
[Yh z#K` F"}]0import android.widget.PopupWindow;
`q#R1O/iLqX SP+`a2I+T0import android.widget.RadioGroup;
import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener; 51Testing软件测试网7V ])b{9{H9t-b

gn1Ef*|K0a0public class PopupWindowDemoActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener, 51Testing软件测试网^R7]]L1}Q
        OnCheckedChangeListener { 51Testing软件测试网GD1OuFPr
51Testing软件测试网Sn`g(^'F
    private Button mbutton01;
1uUm!h _#M%Q#E0    private Button mbutton02;
sI}RD)k,LK$X` N0RK0    private Button mbutton03;
    private Button mbutton04; 51Testing软件测试网%Cq5K&D"mEC
    private PopupWindow mPopupWindow;
-VKsBR0    // 屏幕的width
hyM:l,mLP0    private int mScreenWidth;
P)Vw#S_0    // 屏幕的height
    private int mScreenHeight;
    // PopupWindow的width
5Q@I }%x0    private int mPopupWindowWidth;
!Tsx;e\}0    // PopupWindow的height
3e p5D2N&Wx0    private int mPopupWindowHeight;

/hfZS8m@MY0    @Override 51Testing软件测试网D9G)\F%[[V
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 51Testing软件测试网6`@!e*[Ie!b7N
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 51Testing软件测试网P2x!Y_P'^
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
oSQr @N0
        mbutton01 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button01);
L"r6x+|T4L5es~%P0        mbutton02 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button02); 51Testing软件测试网6_#tA(I!hS
        mbutton03 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button03);
        mbutton04 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button04);
Id!@"[Gca @5P'W0 51Testing软件测试网 e;pD Q Z-A
        mbutton01.setOnClickListener(this);
        mbutton02.setOnClickListener(this);
$C+| ~C#V/fvu5dhs0        mbutton03.setOnClickListener(this);
5f'v$yk2@5I0        mbutton04.setOnClickListener(this); 51Testing软件测试网:WT)G5G'dx
    }
5q%m:_\bwF.GR0
B.?l,G/y.}}&]-H Ti|H0    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
2k E]g ^ ppE0        switch (v.getId()) {
2e]K nszV8d/U0        // 相对某个控件的位置（正左下方），无偏移
        case R.id.button01:
P E}2f0w,]`;D0            getPopupWindowInstance();
L.lk&g&\zoob0            mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(v);
+V+eV0joH0            break;
~9O#}/ErvV pv$g0
JX2TxQ7L1]B\0        // 相对某个控件的位置（正左下方），有偏移 51Testing软件测试网L0N)l]G7xY
        case R.id.button02:
ji3}pZ`u#^0            getPopupWindowInstance();
p)AF3u(TzK H0            mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(v, 50, 50);// X、Y方向各偏移50
1{3~aOyC;f1?0            break;
n R ev.Ae/Z0
        // 相对于父控件的位置，无偏移 51Testing软件测试网F"}+J/C7kq M
        case R.id.button03: 51Testing软件测试网zE2k'L(N(g.R
            getPopupWindowInstance();
            mPopupWindow.showAtLocation(v, Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0); 51Testing软件测试网 sv`:Pd"c
            break;
51Testing软件测试网:j4m3LkT^9q [
        // 相对于父控件的位置，有偏移 51Testing软件测试网 |a'A k ?C_
        case R.id.button04:
            getPopupWindowInstance();
5{j!k(l`)[1neN{N0            mPopupWindow.showAtLocation(v, Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 50);
*Wq Q'KxZ}|L0            break;
N9]k%Y}%W0 51Testing软件测试网ha8^ [r9J
        default:
v9z+F |'Z;l5C'_0            break; 51Testing软件测试网P0c#mx-M:N+K
        } 51Testing软件测试网Jk+LN)?
    }
%l%IR)};{)f)l0
?4{3w"N}s gq0    @Override 51Testing软件测试网twu^&~\r(s
    public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
2\ UB,B}@5e1R0        mPopupWindow.dismiss();
L[nw h"?D0    }

#rU0iFD0    /*
K3e F,b$M0     * 获取PopupWindow实例51Testing软件测试网@"W b^xH*P
     */
T H?M6G"f0    private void getPopupWindowInstance() {
*Yb@ c0f^&X*T0        if (null != mPopupWindow) {
:[${bbASoQ ]ZS,]0            mPopupWindow.dismiss();
            return; 51Testing软件测试网UN{*l1mi-`&m
        } else {
a_-k!rk6eH!C0            initPopuptWindow(); 51Testing软件测试网VhXI!^3d
        }
u{%~*L&g2Y0    }
6vOk&X[%h6n E0
*C.C.[ fx0    /*
]S&I.p$w8HjKH0     * 创建PopupWindow51Testing软件测试网N3_6x2x~\
     */
(K1^Fm&f$?0    private void initPopuptWindow() {
p/\,z+X J&Y-I0        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
;D5O9p6~I;L#Cp8S_0        View popupWindow = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.popup_window, null);
        RadioGroup radioGroup = (RadioGroup) popupWindow.findViewById(R.id.radioGroup);
8Q|ew7LWx0        radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);

c/O'HDK!c6_9p0        // 创建一个PopupWindow
        // 参数1：contentView 指定PopupWindow的内容
$E*kD#y7vA0        // 参数2：width 指定PopupWindow的width
/uUQP%w0        // 参数3：height 指定PopupWindow的height
yvc,_!m0        mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(popupWindow, 100, 130);
51Testing软件测试网6Za W-Y2M
        // 获取屏幕和PopupWindow的width和height
R,V7`)J0U$o!K0        mScreenWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
        mScreenWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();
7U&k%q fD b)I]~0        mPopupWindowWidth = mPopupWindow.getWidth();
xCZ8[q+aG8jt0        mPopupWindowHeight = mPopupWindow.getHeight(); 51Testing软件测试网:LWOT^E~
    }
2g%k[q_h;B)T0}