成对组合覆盖与PICT 的应用（转）

成对组合覆盖要求任意两个因素（输入条件）的所有水平组合至少要被覆盖1次。组合覆盖的算法已经被很多工具实现，测试人员可以直接利用这些工具，例如：TConfig、微软的PICT等。下面介绍一下使用PICT设计测试用例的过程。

PICT，全称是Pairwise Independent CombinatorialTestingtool，是一个免费的小工具，读者可以到微软的网站下载并安装。PICT接收一个纯文本的Model文件作为输入，然后输出测试用例集合。Model文件的格式如下：

<ParamName> : <Value1>, <Value2>, <Value3>, ...51Testing软件测试网*\ ~^G;b;n

用冒号隔开输入条件和参数，每行一个输入条件，参数之间用逗号隔开。下面是设计一个测试磁盘分区创建功能的Model文件的例子。输入条件有分区类型、大小、格式化方式、文件系统类型、簇大小、是否压缩。各项输入条件分别有不同的参数选择。

Type: Primary, Logical, Single, Span, Stripe, Mirror, RAID-5

Size: 10, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10000, 4000051Testing软件测试网 P)b%s ]"mShFsI

Format method: quick, slow

File system: FAT, FAT32, NTFS

Cluster size: 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 6553651Testing软件测试网#rS!^9I8\

Compression: on, off

把上面的内容存为Model.txt文件。存储在某个目录，例如C:\Program Files\PICT\，然后在命令行中输入以下命令：

C:\Program Files\PICT>PICT "C:\Program Files\PICT\Model.txt"51Testing软件测试网a/b+H2n]G(R\

则可产生下面的测试用例：

TypeSizeFormat methodFile systemCluster sizeCompression

Mirror10quickFAT32768off51Testing软件测试网]1sU7m(?,J%bh

RAID-510slowFAT32512on51Testing软件测试网l.JA,k a)^"o1h

Stripe500quickNTFS512off

Span1000slowNTFS1024on51Testing软件测试网0s]/Y3r6wQ(pm

Primary100quickFAT3216384off51Testing软件测试网Pgn@!Q`+Yx

Single1000slowFAT8192off

Primary5000slowFAT2048on51Testing软件测试网Q$ySo*tdMai

RAID-540000quickNTFS8192on

Logical10slowNTFS65536on51Testing软件测试网$coj'zi1d

Span100quickFAT65536off

Mirror10000slowFAT3265536on

Logical1000quickFAT32512off

Logical40000slowFAT4096off51Testing软件测试网_?q(M-r#m5hh

Single1000quickNTFS4096on

Stripe500slowFAT3232768on51Testing软件测试网,WjV7o"sE D

Mirror100quickNTFS2048off51Testing软件测试网&F5|F H5W

Span10slowFAT324096off

Single40000quickFAT3265536off51Testing软件测试网 YqP;Sj,t0C7m'A+?

RAID-55000quickFAT65536off51Testing软件测试网PyJN,y^

Stripe1000slowFAT322048on51Testing软件测试网Bg0u1aC#nNj

Primary10000quickNTFS8192off

Span10000slowFAT16384on51Testing软件测试网t S'F_9|*k8w6j

Primary1000slowFAT3265536on

Single5000quickFAT321024off51Testing软件测试网#a`4t0Swh7DUU

RAID-5100slowFAT1024on51Testing软件测试网C
W,NR5y/{%^

Single500slowNTFS2048off

Mirror500quickFAT1024on

Stripe100quickFAT4096on

Primary40000quickFAT321024off51Testing软件测试网(g(]7Hy^X0w
}

Single10quickNTFS16384on

Logical5000slowNTFS32768off51Testing软件测试网+d"M;v E!Vy-YW.Z2j

Stripe10slowFAT1024off

Primary500slowNTFS4096off51Testing软件测试网J$u^_XF.k

Mirror1000quickFAT16384on51Testing软件测试网
M!K d~1i(Qf

Stripe40000quickFAT16384off51Testing软件测试网[F/p[/q'L)Sfu"G8U

Mirror10slowFAT328192on

Span40000quickNTFS32768off

Logical10000slowNTFS1024off

Span5000quickFAT512on

Logical100slowFAT328192on

RAID-5500quickNTFS16384on

Stripe5000slowNTFS8192off

Mirror5000slowNTFS4096off

Span500quickFAT65536off51Testing软件测试网A7V$CIV YN.x

Span10000slowNTFS2048on

Stripe10000quickFAT3265536off

Primary10quickFAT2048off

RAID-510000slowNTFS4096on51Testing软件测试网!q szpNV7p%_s6Y

Primary10000quickNTFS32768on

RAID-51000quickFAT3232768on

Primary10000quickFAT512off

Mirror40000slowFAT32512on51Testing软件测试网;oN4d'h%k;t @$P,r
Qq

Single100slowNTFS512off

Logical500quickFAT3216384off

Single100slowNTFS32768on51Testing软件测试网__Nl(q

Mirror5000quickFAT3216384off

Span500slowFAT8192on

RAID-540000slowFAT2048off

Logical10quickFAT2048off

Single10000slowFAT3265536on51Testing软件测试网Q!r t7PPAg&PZ

技巧：如果想把产生的测试用例存储到某个文件，则可输入以下命令：51Testing软件测试网C)C!n1Wa

C:\Program Files\PICT>PICT "C:\Program Files\PICT\Model.txt" > "C:\Program Files\PICT\OutPut.txt"51Testing软件测试网({x#c"d4^,O'j

4J,\ETUn'HmVl/ids0这样，处理Model.txt文件中的输入所产生的测试用例就会存储到“C:\Program Files\PICT\”目录下一个名为OutPut.txt文件。51Testing软件测试网_8U&ymhz _