我要快快成长为测试专家

测试书籍英文翻译

上一篇 / 下一篇  2008-03-06 17:40:00

Introduction (导言)
It seems as though each day there's yet another news story about a computer software problem or security breach: a bank reporting incorrect account balances, a Mars lander lost in space, a grocery store scanner charging too much for bananas, or a hacker gaining access to millions of credit card numbers.
好像每天都在发生关于软件缺陷或者安全漏洞的问题,比如:银行报告一个不正确的账户收支,火星登陆者在太空丢失,杂货店扫描仪疯狂的输入香蕉,或者一个黑客侵入数百万美元的信用卡号码。
Why does this happen? Can't computer programmers figure out ways to make software just plain work? Unfortunately, no. As software gets more complex, gains more features, and is more interconnected, it becomes more and more difficultactually, mathematically impossibleto create a glitch-free program. Despite how competent the programmers are and how much care is taken, there will always be software problems.
为什么这些会发生?难道计算机程序员不会想出办法使软件正常的工作?很不幸运,是的。当软件越来越复杂,功能越来越多,程序内部之间的关系就越来越复杂,精确度要求更高,不可能写出一个零缺陷的程序。不管程序员水平有多高,多么的细心,软件总会有错误。
This is where software testing comes in. We've all found those little Inspector 12 tags in the pockets of our new clothes. Well, software has Inspector 12s, too. Most large software companies are so committed to quality they have one or more testers for each programmer. These jobs span the software spectrum from computer games to factory automation to business applications.
这就是软件测试的兴起的原因。我们都发现了自己新衣服口袋里,有12个标记的小合格证。对了,软件也有这12个标记。大多数大型软件公司都视质量为生命,他们都为一个程序员配备一个或更多的测试员。这些工作横跨软件各领域,从电脑游戏到工厂自动再到商务应用。
This book, Software Testing, will introduce you to the basics of software testing, teaching you not just the fundamental technical skills but also the supporting skills necessary to become a successful software tester. You will learn how to immediately find problems in any computer program, how to plan an effective test approach, how to clearly report your findings, and how to tell when your software is ready for release.
这本书,《软件测试》,会为您介绍软件测试的基础,但不仅教会您软件测试的基本技能,还提供使您成为成功软件测试工作者的必备技能。您将学习到,怎样迅速的发现电脑软件里的问题,怎样制定一个有效率的测试过程,怎样清晰的报告您的发现,以及什么时候可以说软件准备好发行了。

About the Second Edition (关于第二版)
When I wrote the first edition of Software Testing, software security issues were just beginning to make the headlines. Hackers and security problems had always been a problem, but with the interconnectivity explosion that was about to occur, few in the industry could predict the impact that security bugs would have on developers and users of computer software.
当我写《软件测试》第一版的时候,软件安全问题刚刚引起注意。黑客和安全问题一直是个问题,随着内部互联的剧烈增长,这些问题逐渐暴露,少数业内人士预言,安全漏洞将会影响到电脑软件的开发者和使用者。
In this second edition I've revisited every chapter to emphasize software security issues and point out how the basic testing techniques covered throughout the book can be used to prevent, find, and fix them. I've also added a chapter that specifically addresses how to test for software security bugs.
在这本书的第二版中,我重写了每一章,着重强调软件安全问题,并且在全书中指出需要哪些基本技能,来预防,查找,并且解决这些问题。我还增加了专门的一章,阐述怎样检测软件安全问题。
If you're a reader of the first edition, you know that no matter what you do, your software will still be released with bugs. As you'll learn in the second edition, this axiom still holds true even for security problems. However, by applying the lessons taught in this book you'll go a long way towards assuring that the most important bugs don't slip through and that your team will create the highest quality and most secure software possible.
假如您是本书第一版的读者,您会知道不管怎样,您的软件将会带着缺陷发布。在第二版中,这个公理仍然有效,哪怕是安全问题。但是,通过学习本书的课程后,您就可能踏上这样一条长路:保证最重大的缺陷不会从你手里漏掉,您的团队会创造出质量和安全性最高的软件。

Who Should Use This Book? (谁可能用到这本书?)
This book is written for three different groups of people:
这本书为如下三类人书写:
Students or computer hobbyists interested in software testing as a full-time job, internship, or co-op. Read this book before your interview or before your first day on the job to really impress your new boss.
想把软件测试作为职业,实习,或合作的学生和电脑爱好者。在您面试或第一天上班之前阅读这本书,将会使您赢得老板的深刻印象。
Career changers wanting to move from their field of expertise into the software industry. There are lots of opportunities for non-software experts to apply their knowledge to software testing. For example, a flight instructor could test a flight simulator game, an accountant could test tax preparation software, or a teacher could test a new child education program.
从另一个行业转到软件行业的人们。软件测试为那些非软件专家留下了很多的机会,来施展他们的知识。比如,一名飞行教官可以测试飞行模拟游戏,一名会计师可以测试税务软件,一名教师可以测试一个新的教育软件。
Programmers, software project managers, and other people who make up a software development team who want to improve their knowledge and understanding of what software testing is all about.
所有想要提升理解软件测试知识的程序员,软件项目经理,以及其他软件开发团队人员

What This Book Will Do for You (这本书能为您做些什么)
In this book you will learn something about nearly every aspect of software testing:
从这本书里,您将会学到软件测试的方方面面:
How software testing fits into the software development process
软件测试是怎样融合到软件开发流程的
Basic and advanced software testing techniques
基本和高级软件测试技术
Applying testing skills to common testing tasks
在测试工作中应用测试技术
Improving test efficiency with automation
利用自动化改进测试效率
Planning and documenting your test effort
计划可文档化您的测试成绩
Effectively reporting the problems you find
有效的报告您发现的缺陷
Measuring your test effort and your product's progress
度量您的测试成绩和产品流程
Knowing the difference between testing and quality assurance
知道测试和质量保证的不同
Finding a job as a software tester
找到一个软件测试的工作

Software Necessary to Use This Book (使用本书必要的软件)
The methods presented in this book are generic and can be applied to testing any type of computer software. But, to make the examples familiar and usable by most people, they are based on simple programs such as Calculator, Notepad, and WordPad included with Windows XP and Windows NT/2000.
这本书里介绍的方法是通用的,可以应用到任何类型的软件测试。但是,为了大多数人能熟悉和使用例子,需要一些简单的程序,比如计算器、记事本、写字板,这些在Windows XP和Window NT/2000里都有。
Even if you're using a Mac or a PC running Linux or another operating system, you will likely have similar programs available on your computer that you can easily adapt to the text. Be creative! Creativity is one trait of a good software tester.
即使您使用苹果机或运行LINUX或者其它操作系统的PC机,您的电脑上,也会有一个类似的程序可以打开原文。要具有创新意识!创造是一个优秀的软件测试工作者的特性之一。
NOTE (注意)
The examples used throughout this book of various applications, software bugs, and software test tools are in no way intended as an endorsement or a disparagement of the software. They're simply used to demonstrate the concepts of software testing.
本书中用到的所有实例,包括各种应用程序、软件缺陷、软件测试工具都不代表认同或排斥该软件。他们只是简单的用来示范软件测试的概念。

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