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Linux下mysql的安装与配置
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下一篇 2009-07-29 20:08:45 / 天气: 晴朗
/ 心情: 高兴
/ 个人分类：Linux学习笔记
1、下载mysql文件，本文下载的是免安装文件：mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
2、登录Linux，复制文件到/user/local/下
[root@test ~]#cp /tools/mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz /usr/local/
[root@test ~]#cd /usr/local
[root@test local]# ll
total 120904
-rwxr-Sr-t1 root root 123603074 Jul 29 18:57 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
3、因为上面的文件带有一个复位S权限，所以使用chmod变更文件权限
[root@test local]#chmod 755 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
[root@test local]# ll
total 120904
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 123603074 Jul 29 18:57 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
4、解压该tar.gz文件
[root@test local]#tar zvxf mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/comp_err
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/replace
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/perror
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/resolveip
mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/my_print_defaults
.
.
.
[root@test local]# ll
total 120908
drwxr-xr-x 14 7155 wheel 4096 May 30 05:24 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 123603074 Jul 29 18:57 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
5、删除源文件tar.gz
[root@test local]# rm -rf mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
6、建立符号链接，如果以后有新版本的MySQL 的话，你可以仅仅将源码解压到新
的路径，然后重新做一个符号链接就可以了。这样非常方便，数据也更加安全。
[root@test local]#ln -s mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/ mysql
[root@test local]# ll
total 76
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Jul 29 19:04 mysql -> mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/
drwxr-xr-x 14 7155 wheel 4096 May 30 05:24 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23
7、添加用于启动MySQL 的用户及用户组
[root@test local]#groupadd mysql
[root@test local]#useradd -g mysql mysql
8、初始化授权表
[root@test mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
.
.
.
9、设置mysql和root 的访问权限
设定root能访问/usr/local/mysql 执行命令：[root@test local]# chown -R root .
设定mysql能访问/usr/local/mysql/ 执行命令：[root@test local]# chown -R mysql .
设定mysql组能访问/usr/local/mysql 执行命令： [root@test local]# chgrp -R mysql .
或者
[root@test local]# cd /usr/local
[root@test local]#chgrp –R mysql mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23
[root@test local]#chgrp –R mysql .
[root@test local]#chown -R mysql mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/data
[root@test local]#chown -R mysql mysql/data
10、创建bin的符号链接
[root@test local]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@test local]# ll
total 76
drwxr-xr-x 2 root mysql 4096 Jul 29 19:18 bin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 32 Jul 29 19:04 mysql -> mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23/
drwxr-xr-x 14 mysql mysql 4096 May 30 05:24 mysql-5.0.83-linux-i686-glibc23
11、复制mysql配置文件以及启动服务文件
[root@test local]]#cp -r /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@test local]]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
12、设置开机自启动
[root@test support-files]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@test support-files]#chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
13、运行mysql:
[root@test support-files]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &
[1] 5923
[root@test support-files]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
STOPPING server from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/test.pid
090729 19:26:44 mysqld ended
出现上述信息表示启动成功
14、启动mysqld服务
[root@test mysql]#service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.[ OK ]
出现ok表示启动成功
15、检测mysql是否成功启动可以使用如下命令
[root@test mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ping
mysqld is alive
[root@test mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin version
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin Ver 8.41 Distrib 5.0.83, for pc-linux-gnu on i686
Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license
Server version 5.0.83-log
Protocol version 10
Connection Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 1 min 20 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 2 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 12 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 6 Queries per second avg: 0.025
16、设置登录mysql账户的密码：
[root@test mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "manager"
17、登录mysql
[root@test ~]#mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.0.83-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye
以上信息表示登录成功
18、如果在执行第17步的时候出现错误，很可能是因为路径问题，这时就可以设置PATH环境变量，如果可以直接登录成功就无需该步骤了
[root@test mysql]# vi /etc/profile
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname`
HISTSIZE=1000
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_14
MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/bin
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$CLASSPATH
if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ]; then
INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH MYSQL_HOME
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TAG:
Linux
linux
MySQL
MySql
