selenium使用流程：
1.环境安装：
| pip install selenium |
3.实例化一个浏览器对象基本使用
代码
from selenium import webdriver from lxml import etree from time import sleep if __name__ == '__main__': bro = webdriver.Chrome(r"E:\google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe") bro.get(url='http://scxk.nmpa.gov.cn:81/xk/') page_text = bro.page_source tree = etree.HTML(page_text) li_list = tree.xpath('//*[@id="gzlist"]/li') for li in li_list: name = li.xpath('./dl/@title')[0] print(name) sleep(5) bro.quit() |
基于浏览器自动化的操作代码
#编写基于浏览器自动化的操作代码
- 发起请求: get(url)
- 标签定位: find系列的方法
- 标签交互: send_ keys( 'xxx' )
- 执行js程序: excute_script('jsCod')
- 前进，后退: back(),forward( )
- 关闭浏览器: quit()1
代码
| 请 https://www.taobao.com/ from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep bro = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"E:\google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe") bro.get(url='https://www.taobao.com/') #标签定位 search_input = bro.find_element_by_id('q') sleep(2) #执行一组js代码，使得滚轮向下滑动 bro.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)') sleep(2) #标签交互 search_input.send_keys('女装') button = bro.find_element_by_class_name('btn-search') button.click() bro.get('https://www.baidu.com') sleep(2) bro.back() sleep(2) bro.forward() sleep(5) bro.quit() |
selenium处理iframe：
- 如果定位的标签存在于iframe标签之中，则必须使用switch_to.frame(id)
- 动作链(拖动) : from selenium. webdriver import ActionChains
- 实例化一个动作链对象: action = ActionChains (bro)
- click_and_hold(div) :长按且点击操作
- move_by_offset(x,y)
- perform( )让动作链立即执行
- action.release( )释放动作链对象
代码
https://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains bro = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"E:\google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe") bro.get('https://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable') bro.switch_to.frame('iframeResult') div = bro.find_element_by_id('draggable') #动作链 action = ActionChains(bro) action.click_and_hold(div) for i in range(5): action.move_by_offset(17,0).perform() sleep(0.3) #释放动作链 action.release() bro.quit() |
selenium模拟登陆QQ空间
代码
https://qzone.qq.com/ from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep bro = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"E:\google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe") bro.get('https://qzone.qq.com/') bro.switch_to.frame("login_frame") switcher = bro.find_element_by_id('switcher_plogin') switcher.click() user_tag = bro.find_element_by_id('u') password_tag = bro.find_element_by_id('p') user_tag.send_keys('1234455') password_tag.send_keys('qwer123') sleep(1) but = bro.find_element_by_id('login_button') but.click() |
无头浏览器和规避检测
代码
from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep #实现无可视化界面 from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options #实现规避检测 from selenium.webdriver import ChromeOptions #实现无可视化界面 chrome_options = Options() chrome_options.add_argument('--headless') chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu') #实现规避检测 option = ChromeOptions() option.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches',['enable-automation']) bro = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"E:\google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe",chrome_options=chrome_options,options=option) bro.get('https://www.baidu.com') print(bro.page_source) sleep(2) bro.quit() |
本文内容不用于商业目的，如涉及知识产权问题，请权利人联系51Testing小编(021-64471599-8017)，我们将立即处理
