(1).实现功能：通过前台选择.xlsx文件的Excel，将其文件转化为DataTable和List集合
(2).开发环境：Window7旗舰版+vs2013+Mvc4.0
(3).在使用中需要用到的包和dll
1.用NuGet引入OpenXML包【全名叫DocumentFormat.OpenXml】=》注意：现在导入的Excel只支持.xlsx结尾的Excel，若导入.xls结尾的则会出现【文件包含损坏的数据】的错误！
2.WindowsBase.dll
3.MVC中通过file选择文件并用submit提交到Controller方法如下：
3.1：前台代码
<form action="Home/FileUpload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div style="width:100%;height:auto;background-color:#808080">
<input id="uploadfile" type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="上传Excel" />
</div>
</form>
3.2：Controller代码
/// <summary> /// form提交回的Action /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public ActionResult FileUpload() { //1.假设选择一个Excel文件 获取第一个Excel文件 var stream = Request.Files[0].InputStream; //2.将选择的文件转换为DataTable var rst = new StreamToDataTable().ReadExcel(stream); //3.将DataTable转换为List集合 var list = this.TableToLists(rst); return View(); } /// <summary> /// 加载Excel数据 /// </summary> public List<ExcelImport> TableToLists(System.Data.DataTable table) { TBToList<ExcelImport> tables = new TBToList<ExcelImport>(); var lists = tables.ToList(table); return lists; } |
(4).Excel流组织成Datatable方法实现
public class StreamToDataTable { /// <summary> /// Excel流组织成Datatable /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">Excel文件流</param> /// <returns>DataTable</returns> public DataTable ReadExcel(Stream stream) { using (SpreadsheetDocument document = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(stream, false)) //若导入.xls格式的Excel则会出现【文件包含损坏的数据】的错误！ { //打开Stream IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = document.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>(); if (sheets.Count() == 0) {//找出符合条件的sheet，没有则返回 return null; } WorksheetPart worksheetPart = (WorksheetPart)document.WorkbookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id); //获取Excel中共享数据 SharedStringTable stringTable = document.WorkbookPart.SharedStringTablePart.SharedStringTable; IEnumerable<Row> rows = worksheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Row>();//得到Excel中得数据行 DataTable dt = new DataTable("Excel"); //因为需要将数据导入到DataTable中，所以我们假定Excel的第一行是列名，从第二行开始是行数据 foreach (Row row in rows) { if (row.RowIndex == 1) { //Excel第一行为列名 GetDataColumn(row, stringTable, ref dt); } GetDataRow(row, stringTable, ref dt);//Excel第二行同时为DataTable的第一行数据 } return dt; } } /// <summary> /// 根据给定的Excel流组织成Datatable /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">Excel文件流</param> /// <param name="sheetName">需要读取的Sheet</param> /// <returns>组织好的DataTable</returns> public DataTable ReadExcelBySheetName(string sheetName, Stream stream) { using (SpreadsheetDocument document = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(stream, false)) {//打开Stream IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = document.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName); if (sheets.Count() == 0) {//找出符合条件的sheet，没有则返回 return null; } WorksheetPart worksheetPart = (WorksheetPart)document.WorkbookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id); //获取Excel中共享数据 SharedStringTable stringTable = document.WorkbookPart.SharedStringTablePart.SharedStringTable; IEnumerable<Row> rows = worksheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Row>();//得到Excel中得数据行 DataTable dt = new DataTable("Excel"); //因为需要将数据导入到DataTable中，所以我们假定Excel的第一行是列名，从第二行开始是行数据 foreach (Row row in rows) { if (row.RowIndex == 1) { //Excel第一行为列名 GetDataColumn(row, stringTable, ref dt); } GetDataRow(row, stringTable, ref dt);//Excel第二行同时为DataTable的第一行数据 } return dt; } } /// <summary> /// 构建DataTable的列 /// </summary> /// <param name="row">OpenXML定义的Row对象</param> /// <param name="stringTablePart"></param> /// <param name="dt">需要返回的DataTable对象</param> /// <returns></returns> public void GetDataColumn(Row row, SharedStringTable stringTable, ref DataTable dt) { DataColumn col = new DataColumn(); foreach (Cell cell in row) { string cellVal = GetValue(cell, stringTable); col = new DataColumn(cellVal); dt.Columns.Add(col); } } /// <summary> /// 构建DataTable的每一行数据，并返回该Datatable /// </summary> /// <param name="row">OpenXML的行</param> /// <param name="stringTablePart"></param> /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param> private void GetDataRow(Row row, SharedStringTable stringTable, ref DataTable dt) { // 读取算法：按行逐一读取单元格，如果整行均是空数据 // 则忽略改行（因为本人的工作内容不需要空行）-_- DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); int i = 0; int nullRowCount = i; foreach (Cell cell in row) { string cellVal = GetValue(cell, stringTable); if (cellVal == string.Empty) { nullRowCount++; } dr[i] = cellVal; i++; } if (nullRowCount != i) { dt.Rows.Add(dr); } } /// <summary> /// 获取单元格的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="cell"></param> /// <param name="stringTablePart"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string GetValue(Cell cell, SharedStringTable stringTable) { //由于Excel的数据存储在SharedStringTable中，需要获取数据在SharedStringTable 中的索引 string value = string.Empty; try { if (cell.ChildElements.Count == 0) return value; value = double.Parse(cell.CellValue.InnerText).ToString(); if ((cell.DataType != null) && (cell.DataType == CellValues.SharedString)) { value = stringTable.ChildElements[Int32.Parse(value)].InnerText; } } catch (Exception) { value = "N/A"; } return value; } } |
